基于数字地理信息的雷达低空目标检测估计模型与方法  

Model and Method for Radar Detection and Estimation of Low-Angle Targets With the Aid of Digital Geographic Information

作　　者：赵春雷 何民康 赵婵娟 叶舟 范婉华 ZHAO Chunlei;HE Minkang;ZHAO Chanjuan;YE Zhou;FAN Wanhua(Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天电子通讯设备研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《空天防御》2025年第1期71-76,共6页Air & Space Defense

基　　金：上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划资助项目(21YF1417400)。

摘　　要：高可靠探测和高精度测量低空目标是地面防空雷达的一大难点,而随着地面信息系统和相控阵雷达的数字化,以及有效利用环境先验信息并结合先进模型和算法,有望实现其性能的显著提升。为此,依托地理信息系统提供的数字高程信息,对低空目标回波的多径传播路径进行精确建模,进而建立阵列接收的结构化模型;根据阵地附近强散射体的空间分布情况,采用智能优化算法实现方向图副瓣的精细分区优化,以有效提升回波信杂噪比和弱目标检测能力;针对结构化模型对子空间类算法进行修正,在无须预估多径幅相因子的情况下,实现精确的超分辨仰角估计。本文所提模型和方法可以应用于地面雷达对低空多目标的高可靠探测和精确仰角测量,仿真结果验证了其有效性。Reliable detection and accurate measurement of low-angle targets are major challenges for ground-based air-defense radar.While the digitalization of ground-based information systems and phased array radar,exploiting environmental information as a priori and combining advanced models/algorithms brings the potential to improve.To that end,the paper established a structural model of the array receiving data by precisely formulating the propagation path of multipath echoes from low-angle targets using the digital elevation information provided by the Geographic Information System(GIS).With the aid of the spatial and intensity distribution of scatters,heuristic optimization was employed to optimize the side lobe of the beam pattern,which improved the signal-to-clutter/noise ratio and the detection probability of weak targets.In addition,to match with the structural model,the subspace-based estimator was modified,enabling accurate and super-resolution elevation estimation without pre-estimating the complex multipath factor.As verified by simulation results,the proposed model and method are available for ground-based radar to reliably detect and resolve multiple low-angle targets and give accurate elevation estimates.

关 键 词：地理信息系统(GIS) 数字高程 数字相控阵 智能优化 超分辨测向 

分 类 号：TN958[电子电信—信号与信息处理]