Web 3.0时代破坏计算机信息系统罪保护法益的重构  

Reconstruction of the Legal Interest in the Crime of Destroying Computer Information Systems in the Web 3.0 Era

作　　者：潘华杰 PAN Huajie(School of Law,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期103-114,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“数据安全的刑事法治保障研究”(23JJD820002)。

摘　　要：破坏计算机信息系统罪被批评为“口袋罪”,但又被用于解决交叉领域案件,问题的根源在于未能准确界定保护法益。基于web 3.0时代的社会特点,在现实层面,破坏计算机信息系统罪由单纯的计算机犯罪转变为网络犯罪的一部分;在规范层面,保护法益的构建方向应由保护专属于特定主体的利益转变为保护主体之间互动关系中的利益。设立破坏计算机信息系统罪是为了保障计算机信息系统基于本身功能所能实现的设计功能。只有行为对计算机信息系统功能的影响达到对通过计算机信息系统建立连接的社会网络具有抽象危险的程度时,才构成破坏计算机信息系统罪。如此界定保护法益,既可以满足刑事政策的需求,又可以通过法教义学的检验。The crime of sabotaging computer information systems has been criticized as a“catch-all crime”,yet it is also applied to address cases in intersecting fields.The key point of contradiction lies in the failure to accurately define the legal interest it seeks to protect.Based on the societal characteristics of the web 3.0 era,in reality,the crime of sabotaging computer information systems has transformed from a pure computer crime into a part of cybercrime.At the normative level,the construction of the legal interest should shift from protecting interests exclusive to specific entities to protecting interests within the interactions among entities.The crime of sabotaging computer information systems protects the design function that computer information systems can achieve based on their inherent functions.Only when the behavior affects the function of the computer information systems to a degree that poses an abstract danger to the social network established through these systems can it constitute the crime of sabotaging computer information systems.Defining the legal interest in this manner not only meets the needs of criminal policy but also withstands scrutiny under the principles of legal doctrine.

关 键 词：破坏计算机信息系统罪 功能法益 社会网络 “口袋罪” 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]