四向穿梭式立体库货架布局及设备配置策略  

Shelf Layout and Equipment Configuration Strategy of Four-Way Shuttle Stereoscopic Warehouse

作　　者：李建国[1] 宫新成 LI Jianguo;GONG Xincheng(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期68-79,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部供需对接就业育人项目(20230106827);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA396);中国高校产学研创新基金蓝点分布式智能计算项目(2021LDA07002);甘肃省教育厅2023年高等学校创新创业教育示范课程(202306)。

摘　　要：四向穿梭式立体库(FWS-AS/RS)是近年广泛应用于电商、医药和食品等行业的仓储形式,具有系统配置灵活、高存储密度、高运行效率及高度自动化等特点。为高效设计FWS-AS/RS货架布局及设备配置,首先考虑了不同存储容量下布局货架行、列、层数的可能,结合横巷道布局位置和数量变化及不同货架深度对运行效率的影响进行了讨论;然后以穿梭车和提升机的不同数量配置、提升机和输入/输出(I/O)口的不同布设位置作为变量,考虑加速、减速、空载、负载能量消耗以及制动时的能量回收建立了穿梭车和提升机的运动模型,并以总成本、作业距离、作业能耗和空间利用率作为评价指标,通过仿真实验得到建设四向穿梭式立体库货架行数、列数、层数、深度、巷道位置、I/O口的数量与位置、四向穿梭车(FWS)与提升机数量配比、提升机与纵巷道数之间关系等规律性设计策略;最后,以存储容量为5000 SKU的立体库为例,应用这些策略进行优化设计仿真。结果表明,3种优化方案使得作业距离、作业能耗、总成本以及占地面积平均降低了43.30%、57.69%、11.17%、8.60%,而空间利用率平均提升了5.66%,从而验证了设计策略的正确性,可为此类立体仓库的建造及运营提供借鉴。Four-way Shuttle Automated Storage and Retrieval System(FWS-AS/RS)is a storage form widely used in industries such as e-commerce,pharmaceuticals,and food in recent years.It has the characteristics of flexible system configuration,high storage density,high efficiency,and high automation.To efficiently design the shelves layout and equipment configuration of FWS-AS/RS,this paper firstly considered the possibility of arranging shelf rows,columns,and layers under different storage scales and discussed the impact of changes in horizontal aisle layout position and quantity as well as different shelf depths on operational efficiency.Then,taking the different configurations of shuttle cars and lifts as well as the different placement positions of lifts and input/output(I/O)ports as variables,it established the motion models of shuttle cars and lifts considering acceleration,deceleration,no-load,load energy consumption,and energy recovery during braking;it used the total cost,transport distance,energy consumption,and space utilization rate as evaluation indicators.Through simulation experiments,regular design strategies were obtained for constructing four-way shuttle style stereoscopic warehouse shelves,including row,column,layer,depth,tunnel position,number and position of I/O ports,the ratio of four-way shuttle cars(FWS)to lifts,and the relationship between lifts and longitudinal tunnels.Finally,taking a storage capacity of 5000 as an example,the study applied these strategies to design simulation.The simulation results show that the three optimization schemes reduced the transport distance,energy consumption,total cost,and floor area by an average of 43.30%,57.69%,11.17%,and 8.60%,while increasing the space utilization rate by an average of 5.66%,thus verifying the correctness of the design strategy.The design strategy can provide reference for the construction and operation of such stereoscopic warehouses.

关 键 词：立体仓库 四向穿梭车 货架布局 设备配置 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]