冶炼铜渣中Fe的常压酸浸溶出规律及动力学分析  

Dissolution Mechanism and Kinetics Analysis of Fe From Copper Smelting Slag by Acid Leaching at Atmospheric Pressure

作　　者：阎崔蓉 张浩 周新涛[1] 罗中秋[1] 蔡秀楠 高梓猛 时金钰 YAN Cuirong;ZHANG Hao;ZHOU Xintao;LUO Zhongqiu;CAI Xiunan;GAO Zimeng;SHI Jinyu(Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Kunming Metallurgy College,Kunming 650033,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Jingshi New Building Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 654100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明冶金高等专科学校环境与化工学院,云南昆明650033 [3]云南精石新型建材科技有限公司,云南昆明654100

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期127-138,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22466024)。

摘　　要：冶炼铜渣富含Fe、Si等有价元素,具有优异的二次资源特性,可作为原料构建高附加值硅铁基功能材料。掌握酸浸条件下Si、Fe元素的可控释放规律及矿物相的有效分离机制,是其高值资源化利用的关键。该文采用HSC 6.0模拟硅铁物系在不同pH和电位条件下的优势物种,研究H_(2)SO_(4)酸浸条件下渣中含铁矿物相的溶出条件及Si、Fe元素的可控释放规律,考察了酸浸温度、H_(2)SO_(4)浓度、粒径和搅拌速度等因素对Fe浸出率的影响。结果表明:酸浸温度与H_(2)SO_(4)浓度对Fe浸出率呈正向影响,粒径对Fe浸出率呈负向影响,而搅拌速度的影响甚微;在H_(2)SO_(4)浓度为2.0 mol/L、酸浸温度为90℃、铜渣粒径为(45,88]μm的条件下,酸浸60 min后,铁的浸出率可达95.73%。选择收缩未反应芯模型来描述该酸浸过程,在反应初始阶段,其反应速率主要受化学反应过程的控制,其活化能为40.99 kJ/mol,随后转为内扩散控制,活化能为8.70 kJ/mol。在化学反应控制阶段,计算得到H_(2)SO_(4)浓度和铜渣粒径的影响指数分别为0.558和-0.759,从而确定了H_(2)SO_(4)常压浸取冶炼铜渣的宏观动力学方程。The copper smelting slag,abundant in valuable elements such as Fe and Si,exhibits excellent secondary resource characteristics and can be utilized as a raw material for constructing high-value-added silicon-iron-based functional materials.Understanding the controllable release patterns of Si and Fe elements under acid leaching conditions and the effective separation mechanisms of mineral phases is crucial for their high-value resource utilization.This study employed HSC 6.0 to simulate the dominant species in the silicon-iron system under varying pH and potential conditions,investigating the dissolution conditions of iron-containing mineral phases in the slag and the controllable release patterns of Si and Fe elements under H_(2)SO_(4)acid leaching conditions.The effects of acid leaching temperature,H_(2)SO_(4)concentration,particle size,and stirring speed on Fe leaching rate were analyzed.The results indicate that acid leaching temperature and H_(2)SO_(4)concentration have a positive impact on the Fe leaching rate,while particle size exerts a negative influence,and stirring speed has minimal effect.Under conditions of 2.0 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4)concentration,90℃acid leaching temperature,and copper slag particle size ranging from(45,88]μm,the iron leaching rate can reach 95.73%after 60 minutes of acid leaching.The shrinking unreacted core model was used to describe the leaching process.In the initial stage of the reaction,the reaction rate is primarily controlled by the chemical reaction process,with an activation energy of 40.99 kJ/mol,and subsequently shifts to internal diffusion control,with an activation energy of 8.70 kJ/mol.During the chemical reaction control stage,the influence indices for H_(2)SO_(4)concentration and copper slag particle size were calculated to be 0.558 and−0.759,respectively,thereby establishing the macrokinetic equation for the atmospheric pressure leaching of copper smelting slag with H_(2)SO_(4).

关 键 词：冶炼铜渣 常压酸浸 Fe酸浸动力学 收缩未反应芯模型 固-液非均相反应 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]