导流片式喷灌喷嘴水力性能及其最优结构分析  

Analysis of hydraulic performance and structural optimization of deflector sprinkler nozzles

作　　者：李涛 冯婷婷 高泽海 张建丰[1] 李浩瑜 LI Tao;FENG Tingting;GAO Zehai;ZHANG Jianfeng;LI Haoyu(School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710048,China;China Nonferrous Metals Industry Xi′an Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048 [2]中国有色金属工业西安勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2025年第3期299-307,共9页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JM-337)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高摇臂式喷头的组合喷灌均匀度,文中在PY 220摇臂式喷头喷嘴内部空间增设导流片,以导流片的形状参数长度L、横向曲率C和纵向曲率P为试验因素,进行水力性能测试试验,构建了导流片最优结构参数的非线性映射模型,采用BP神经网络算法进行求解,获得了导流片的最优结构参数.研究结果表明:导流片长度对射程具有极显著的影响,而横向曲率和纵向曲率的影响较小.导流片式喷嘴的点喷灌强度在径向的分布更均匀,总体呈现为先缓慢降低后缓慢增加再快速降低.在正方形组合条件下,当导流片长度大于2 mm时,其组合喷灌均匀度明显高于原喷嘴,导流片长度对组合均匀度具有显著影响,而横向曲率和纵向曲率对组合均匀度的影响不显著.在同时考虑组合均匀度最大和射程最远的情况下,导流片最优形状参数长度L=3 mm,横向曲率C=1.5 mm,纵向曲率P=A/3,其最终射程为19.09 m,均匀度为89.38%.研究成果对于提高喷灌水资源利用效率具有重要意义.In order to improve the uniformity of the combination sprinkler irrigation with the vertical impact sprinkler,the PY 220 vertical impact sprinkler was added by deflectors in the inner space of the nozzle.The shape parameters of deflector including the length,the transverse curvature and the longitudinal curvature were taken as experimental factors to carry out the hydraulic performance test.The nonlinear mapping model analyses of the optimal shape parameters of the deflector was constructed.The BP neural network algorithm was used to solve the hydraulic performance,and the optimal structural parameters of the sprinkler deflector were obtained.The results show that the length of the deflector has a very significant effect on the wetted radius,while the transverse curvature and longitudinal curvature have little effect.The distribution of the point sprinkling irrigation intensity of sprinkler nozzle with deflector in the radial direction is more uniform than that of sprinkler nozzle without deflector,which shows a trend of gradual decrease at first,and then gradual increase.Under the condition of square combination for sprinkler with deflector,when the length of the deflector is greater than 2 mm,the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation system is significantly higher than that of the original sprinkler.The length of the deflector has a significant impact on the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation system,but the effect of the transverse curvature and longitudinal curvature are not significant.Considering both the maximum uniformity of sprinkler irrigation system and the farthest wetted radius,the most optimal deflector parameters are that length is 3 mm,transverse curvature is 1.5 mm and longitudinal curvature is A/3.The final wetted radius is 19.09 m and the uniformity of sprinkle irrigation system is 89.38%.The research results are of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of water resources in sprinkler irrigation.

关 键 词：导流片 摇臂式喷头 点喷灌强度 组合喷灌均匀度 水力性能 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]