热带砖红壤果园长期生草对土壤团聚体及有机碳分布的影响  

Effects of long-term grass cultivation on soil aggregates and organic carbon distribution in tropical lateritic orchards

作　　者：赵秋芳[1,2,3] 魏长宾 马海洋[1,2,3] 王成艳 马智玲[1,2,3] 严程明 汤昕明 冼皑敏[1,2,3] ZHAO Qiu-fang;WEI Chang-bin;MA Hai-yang;WANG Cheng-yan;MA Zhi-ling;YAN Cheng-ming;TANG Xin-ming;XIAN Ai-min(South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Nutrition,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091 [2]海南省热带作物营养重点实验室,广东湛江524091 [3]农业农村部热带果树生物学重点实验室,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第1期145-151,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(322QN373);海南省自然科学基金面上项目(424MS103);中国热带农业科学院国家热带农业科学中心科技创新团队(CATASCXTD202303)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究热带砖红壤典型果园生草对土壤团聚体和有机碳固存的影响,为砖红壤果园土壤物理结构改良和有机碳提升提供理论支撑。【方法】以热带砖红壤番石榴果园为研究对象,设置清耕(CK)、自然生草(NG)、热研2号柱花草(Re)、Ubon柱花草(Ub)4个处理,对果园长期生草下土壤团聚体组成、团聚体稳定性及有机碳分布进行分析。【结果】5年长期果园生草试验的研究结果表明,果园生草处理显著增加0~20 cm土层>2 mm水稳性团聚体含量,降低了0.25~2.00和0.053~0.250 mm水稳性团聚体含量,同时显著增加了R_(0.25)、MWD和GWD,提高了0~20 cm土层团聚体稳定性,但对20~40 cm土层团聚体分布和稳定性影响不显著。果园生草处理显著增加了土壤有机碳含量,Re、Ub和NG处理0~20 cm土层有机碳含量较CK分别提高55.0%、37.3%和24.8%,20~40 cm土层有机碳含量较CK分别提高28.1%、42.7%和25.0%。柱花草(Re和Ub)处理显著提高0~20和20~40 cm土层中>2 mm和0.25~2.00 mm粒级有机碳含量及其对土壤有机碳的贡献率。【结论】研究表明热带果园长期生草特别是种植柱花草可显著提高土壤水稳性团聚体的稳定性,同时增加土壤有机碳含量,显著提高土壤水稳性大团聚体中有机碳分布,提高其对土壤有机碳的贡献率。【Objective】The study aimed to research the effects of grass on soil aggregate and organic carbon sequestration in typical orchards of tropical lateritic soil.The results of the study provide theoretical basis for soil structure improvement and organic carbon enhancement in lateritic orchards.【Method】Guava orchards in tropical lateritic soil were studied.The study had four treatments,including clear tillage(CK),natural grass(NG),Reyan 2 Stylosanthes(Re)and Ubon Stylosanthes(Ub).Soil aggregate composition,aggregate stability and organic carbon distribution were analyzed under long-term grass cultivation in orchard.【Result】Findings from the 5-year long-term trial showed that grass treatment significantly increased 0-20 cm soil layer>2 mm aggregate content of water-stability,reduced 0.25-2.00 and 0.053-0.250 mm aggregate content of water stability,and significantly increased the R_(0.25),MWD and GWD,improved the 0-20 cm soil aggregate stability.But grass treatment on 20-40 cm soil aggregate distribution and the stability influence was not significant.Grass treatment significantly increased the soil organic carbon content,Re,Ub and NG treatment 0-20 cm of soil organic carbon content than CK respectively increased by 55.0%,37.3%and 24.8%;20-40 cm soil organic carbon content than CK respectively increased 28.1%,42.7%and 25.0%.Stylosanthes(Re and Ub)treatment significantly improved>2 mm and 0.25-2.00 mm fraction organic carbon content and its contribution rate to soil organic carbon in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil.【Conclusion】The result shows that grass treatment for a long time,especially Stylosanthes can significantly impove orchard soil water-stable aggregates,increase soil organic carbon content,significantly improve the distribution of organic carbon in soil water-stable aggregates,and increase its contribution rate to soil organic carbon.

关 键 词：砖红壤 果园生草 土壤团聚体 团聚体有机碳 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]