施氮对香水柠檬幼树树体生长和产量品质的影响  

Effects of nitrogen application on growth,yield and quality of perfume lemon

作　　者：伍伟 马航 易时来[3] 杨家伟 熊伟仡 匡家灵 杨学东 黄斌全 WU Wei;MA Hang;YI Shi-lai;YANG Jia-wei;XIONG Wei-yi;KUANG Jia-ling;YANG Xue-dong;HUANG Bin-quan(Research and Development Center of Yunnan Yuntianhua Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650228,China;School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Yunnan Yuntianhua Phosphorus Research Technology Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650228,China)

机构地区：[1]云南云天化股份有限公司研发中心,昆明650228 [2]云南大学农学院,昆明650091 [3]西南大学柑桔研究所,重庆400715 [4]云南云天化以化磷业研究技术有限公司,昆明650228

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第1期152-159,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重大科技专项计划(202202AE090034);科技人才与平台计划云南省张福锁院士工作站(202305AF150055)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同施氮水平对香水柠檬树体生长和果实品质的影响,为香水柠檬优质高产施肥技术提供理论依据与技术支持。【方法】以两年生香水柠檬为试材,研究在每年施氮0(N_(0))、75(N_(1))、112.5(N_(2))、150(N_(3))、187.5(N_(4))和225 g/株(N_(5))6个施氮水平处理下树体生长和果实产量品质的差异。【结果】不同施氮水平处理的株高与主干直径的增长量、春梢数量与叶面积变化趋势一致,均表现为随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后减少趋势,其中各月株高增长量、主干直径增长量和春梢叶面积均在N_(3)处理达到峰值,并且显著高于其它处理。各处理春梢数量以N_(3)处理最大,且显著高于N_(0)、N_(4)和N_(5)处理。各处理春梢叶片SPAD值随着施氮量的增加而增加。单果重随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,各处理单果重以N_(3)处理最大,N_(5)处理最低。果实纵横径和果皮厚度随着施氮量的增加而增加。出汁率、Vc以及可溶性固形物(TSS)随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,且均在N_(3)处理达到峰值。各处理可滴定酸(TA)含量表现为随着施氮量的增加而增加,而各处理的固酸比随着施氮量的增加而降低。【结论】本试验条件下,施氮量在137.16~152.03 g/株对香水柠檬的树体生长、产量品质等指标综合效果最好。【Objective】The systematic study aimed to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application levels on the growth and fruit quality of perfume lemon,providing a theoretical basis and technical support for high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for perfume lemon.【Method】The differences in tree growth and fruit yield quality under six nitrogen fertilization levels of 0(N_(0)),75(N_(1)),112.5(N_(2)),150(N_(3)),187.5(N_(4))and 225 g/plant(N_(5))were studied by using two-year old perfume lemon as test material.【Result】The growth parameters including plant height,trunk diameter,number of spring shoots,and leaf area exhibited consistent patterns among different nitrogen application levels;They initially increased with increasing nitrogen rates but decreased beyond a certain threshold.Among these parameters,the N_(3) treatment showed significantly higher increases in plant height,trunk diameter,spring shoot leaf area compared to other treatments.Additionally,the N_(3) treatment had a significantly larger number of spring shoots compared to N_(0),N_(4) and N_(5) treatments.The SPAD value of spring shoot leaves increased with increasing nitrogen application rate across all treatments.Single fruit weight initially increased but then decreased with increasing nitrogen rates;Notably,the N_(3) treatment had the highest single fruit weight while the N_(5) treatment had the lowest weight observed among all tested treatments here.Fruit vertical and transverse diameters as well as pericarp thickness increased with increasing nitrogen rates applied during cultivation period examined here.Juice yield,vitamin C content and TSS increased at first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and all reached the peak in N_(3) treatment.The titratable acid content of each treatment increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,while the solid acid ratio of each treatment decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.【Conclusion】Under the condition of this expe

关 键 词：香水柠檬 氮素水平 树体生长 产量品质 

分 类 号：S666.5[农业科学—果树学]