15例黏膜脱垂相关性息肉的临床病理分析  

Mucosal prolapse related polyps:a clinicopathologic analysis of 15 cases

作　　者：张薇 邹先进 ZHANG Wei;ZOU Xian-jin(Department of Pathology,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zhuhai 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学第五附属(珠海)医院病理科,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《诊断病理学杂志》2025年第3期277-280,286,共5页Chinese Journal of Diagnostic Pathology

基　　金：珠海市2022年度医学科研项目(2022-84号)。

摘　　要：目的分析黏膜脱垂相关性息肉的临床病理特征、内镜表现、诊断与鉴别诊断。方法收集遵义医科大学第五附属(珠海)医院病理科2021至2024年8月间病理诊断为黏膜脱垂相关性息肉的全部病例,进行病理特征、内镜表现、诊断思路的分析。结果本组共有15例病例,男女比例为2:1,平均年龄53岁。临床表现多为腹痛、腹部不适、肠梗阻及便后出血等。息肉直径0.3~6.0 cm,3例巨大隆起,且有肠梗阻症状者行外科手术治疗。15例患者均健在,未出现复发。结论因对本病认识不足,本组收集的15例,临床医师及内镜医师均没有诊断为黏膜脱垂相关性息肉。术前诊断率较低,极有可能被误诊为肿瘤、甚至恶性肿瘤,尤其是肿物表面有溃疡或环腔生长的外观时,从而导致过度手术治疗。因此,正确诊断这种疾病的意义在于,它避免了与大手术相关的发病率和死亡率或长期药物治疗的副作用。Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics,endoscopic manifestations,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of polyps associated with mucosal prolapse.Methods Collect all cases diagnosed with mucosal prolapse related polyps in the Department of Pathology,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zhuhai from 2021 to August 2024,and analyze their pathological characteristics,endoscopic manifestations,and diagnostic ideas.Results There were a total of 15 cases of mucosal prolapse related polyps in this group,with a male to female ratio of 2:1,an average age of 53 years.The clinical manifestations were often abdominal pain,abdominal discomfort,intestinal obstruction,and post defecation bleeding.Surgical treatment was performed on 3 cases of polyps with a diameter of 0.3-6.0 cm,giant protruding mass and symptoms of intestinal obstruction.All 15 patients were still alive and had not experienced any recurrence.Conclusion Due to insufficient understanding of this disease,the 15 cases collected in this group are not diagnosed with mucosal prolapse related polyps by clinical physicians and endoscopists.The preoperative diagnosis rate is relatively low,and it is likely to be misdiagnosed as a tumor or even a malignant tumor before surgery,especially if the surface of the tumor has an appearance of ulceration or annular growth,which may be mistaken by clinicians as a malignant tumor,leading to excessive surgical treatment.Therefore,the significance of correctly diagnosing this disease can decrease the incidence rate and mortality related to major surgery or the side effects of long-term drug treatment.

关 键 词：黏膜脱垂 息肉 临床病理特征 病理诊断 消化道 

分 类 号：R657.1[医药卫生—外科学]