清代陶瓷寿桃纹样的装饰解析  

Decorative Analysis of the Ceramics Motif of Longevity Peach in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：朱诣 李光蕾 ZHU Yi;LI Guanglei(Nanjing University of the Arts Center For Post-Doctoral Studies,Nanjing 210013,China;Jingdezhen Ceramic University,Jingdezhen 333403,China)

机构地区：[1]南京艺术学院设计学博士后科研流动站,南京210013 [2]景德镇陶瓷大学,景德镇333403

出　　处：《中国陶瓷》2025年第3期100-111,共12页China Ceramics

基　　金：南京艺术学院博士后项目;景德镇陶瓷大学朱诣博士科研启动费(102-01003002057);李光蕾博士科研启动费(000-20298918);景德镇市社会科学规划项目(24SKGH040)。

摘　　要：清代制瓷工艺是古代中国陶瓷行业的最高峰,而作为清代具代表性的陶瓷传统装饰纹样之一的寿桃纹,呈现出清代陶瓷丰富多彩的装饰技法和独具特色的装饰纹样。目前对于陶瓷寿桃纹的研究相对较少,通过现有图片和文献资料对清代陶瓷寿桃纹样的装饰构图、结构寓意、装饰技法等方面进行分析。清代陶瓷寿桃纹的装饰构图主要采用分层式、同心圆式、放射式和散点式构图,寿桃纹主要以单独纹样、连续纹样、组合纹样结构形式装饰于陶瓷器物表面,并具有“吉祥长寿”“五福捧寿”“八仙祝寿”“多福多寿”等寓意,清代寿桃纹制瓷工艺主要受到中国画、西方珐琅、油画等技法的影响,形成具有中西特色的新彩、粉彩、珐琅彩等寿桃纹陶瓷装饰技法,将清代陶瓷装饰工艺发展到了巅峰。The craftsmanship of porcelain making during the Qing Dynasty represented the pinnacle of ancient Chinese ceramic arts.Among the representative ceramics of traditional decorative motifs in the Qing Dynasty,the longevity peach motif showcases the diverse decorative techniques and unique designs characteristic of Qing Dynasty ceramics.Currently,there is relatively scant research on the longevity peach motif in ceramics.This article analyzes the decorative composition,structural symbolism,and decorative techniques of the longevity peach patterns in the Qing Dynasty ceramics through existing images and literature.The decorative compositions of ceramics with the longevity peach motif in the Qing Dynasty primarily include layered,concentric,radial,and scattered formats.These longevity peach motifs are mainly decorated on the surfaces of ceramic objects as individual patterns,continuous patterns,and composite structures,and carry auspicious meanings such as“auspicious longevity,”“five blessings holding longevity,”“the Eight Immortals wishing longevity,”and“abundance of blessings and longevity.”The craftsmanship of longevity peach motifs in the Qing Dynasty ceramics was influenced by Chinese painting,Western enamel,oil painting techniques,and other techniques,leading to the creation of new decorative techniques for ceramic longevity peach motifs with Chinese and Western characteristics,such as new colors,famille rose,and enamel colors.These innovations brought the decorative techniques of Qing Dynasty ceramics to their peak.

关 键 词：清代 寿桃纹样 装饰解析 

分 类 号：J504[艺术—艺术设计]