人工智能挑战下对物行政行为理论的拓展  

The Challenge of Artificial Intelligence Towards Administrative Behavior of Things and the Response of Administrative Law

作　　者：汤啸天[1] 李晶 TANG Xiaotian;LI Jing

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院 [2]上海政法学院法律学院

出　　处：《上海政法学院学报(法治论丛)》2025年第2期65-90,共26页Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“全球海上公共卫生安全治理体系完善研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:20VHQ013;2022年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目青年基金项目“法定数字货币法律监管制度研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:22YJC820016。

摘　　要：探索建立对物行政行为的理论体系和操作规程,并在实践中不断完善。一方面,对物行政行为的私人所有物也会处于物权法与行政法的交叉作用之下,产生财产权伴随义务;另一方面,拥有财产而产生的伴随义务不能无限扩张,在私人所有物上所呈现的“公私权重叠”必须具有合理的边界。对物行政行为的前提是尊重私有财产的所有权,恪守保护私人财产所有权与维护公共利益相平衡的原则,引导私人财产所有者在“有恒产者有恒心”的过程中不断增强财产伴随义务。改变我国对物行政行为研究薄弱的状态,必须按照依法、适度、互动、程序正当原则,廓清公共利益所包含的事项和内容,准确把握行使私有财产所有权获益的私人标准与避免公共利益受损的公益标准的结合,精准确定私人财产所有权受到限制的范围和尺度。Explore the establishment of a theoretical system and operational procedures for administrative actions in matters,and continuously improve them in practice.On one hand,private ownership of administrative acts in rem will produce accompanying obligations of property rights subject to the intersection of property law and administrative law;on the other hand,the accompanying obligations arising from ownership cannot infinitely expand,and the“overlap of public and private rights”presented on private ownership must have a reasonable boundary.The premise of administrative actions in rem is to respect the ownership of private property,adhere to the principle of balancing the protection of private property ownership with the maintenance of public interests,and guide private property owners to continuously enhance their accompanying obligations of property rights in the process of having permanent property and perseverance.To change the weak research on administrative acts in China,it is necessary to follow the principles of legality,moderation,interaction,and procedural justice,clarify the matters and contents contained in public interests,accurately grasp the combination of private standards for exercising private property ownership benefits and public standards for avoiding damage to public interests,and accurately determine the scope and scale of restrictions on private property ownership.

关 键 词：对物行政行为 对人行政行为 行政权 人工智能 状态责任 

分 类 号：DF31[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]