智慧监察体系的构建:以监察全覆盖为理论锚点  

The Construction of Smart Surveillance System:The Full Coverage of Surveillance as a Theoretical Anchor Point

作　　者：朱嘉珺[1,2,3] ZHU Jiajun

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院 [2]苏州大学刑事法研究中心 [3]苏州大学监察研究院

出　　处：《上海政法学院学报(法治论丛)》2025年第2期121-140,共20页Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)

摘　　要：党的二十届三中全会就下一阶段完善党和国家的监督体系提出了一系列改革要求,其实质是对贯彻落实监察全覆盖这一深化监察体制改革重要指导原则的具体体现。以监察全覆盖为我国监察体制改革的目标与准绳,当前面临的主要困境涉及监察范围的全面覆盖、监察对象的常态化管理,以及监察过程的多环节衔接等。要解决这些困境,必须探索全新的配套治理手段才能发挥制度创新应有的作用,为此需要构建智慧监察体系。智慧监察的本质就是依托数字技术,对国家监察的主体设置、模式构建、制度运行等深度融合的一种技术治理。其核心在于构建一个高度集成的“数智”监察系统,并辅以配套的“数治”规范体系与风险防范机制。智慧监察体系涵盖技术、功能、配套机制三类组成,其中功能组成是体系中心,包含智慧监察主体、智慧监察范围、智慧监察程序、智慧监察问责四部分。智慧监察体系的运行还要遵守以人力监管修正技术失灵、以算法规制防范算法妨碍、以公正原则制约效率盲从、以保密矩阵抵御安全风险、以制度供给弥补数字鸿沟等基本规则,如此才能保障体系运转的平稳、安全、有序。The Third Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)put forward a series of reform requirements for the next stage of improving the supervision system of the CPC and the State,which are in essence a concrete embodiment of the implementation of the important guiding principle of deepening the reform of the supervision system by means of full supervisory coverage.Taking full coverage of supervision as the goal and guideline for the reform of China’s supervision system,the main dilemmas currently faced involve the comprehensive coverage of the scope of supervision,the normalized management of the supervision targets,and the linkage of multiple links in the supervision process.To solve these dilemmas,it is necessary to explore new supporting means of governance in order to play the role of institutional innovation,which requires to construct a smart supervision system.The essence of smart supervision is a kind of technical governance,which relies on digital technologies,and deeply integrates the main body of the setup,mode of construction,and the operation of the system.Its core lies in the construction of a highly integrated“digital intelligence”monitoring system,supplemented by supporting“digital governance”normative system and risk prevention mechanism.The smartsupervision system covers three types of componentsof technology,function and supporting mechanisms,including the function component as the center of the system whichinvolves four partsof the supervision subject,supervision scope,supervision procedure,and supervision accountability.The operation of the smart supervision system should also comply with the human supervision to amend the technical failure,the algorithmregulation to prevent algorithmic obstacles,the principle of justice to constrain the blind obedienceof efficiency,the confidentiality matrix to defend against security risks,the institutional provision to make up for the digital divide and other basic rules,so as to protect the system operat

关 键 词：智慧监察 纪检监察 权力监督 技术治理 人工智能 

分 类 号：D262.6[政治法律—政治学]