论数据交易合同的规制路径──以数据交易客体认定为中心  

On the Regulatory Path of Data Trading Contracts:Centered on the Identification of Data Trading Object

作　　者：欧颖 Ou Ying(School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学研究生论丛》2024年第5期105-112,共8页Journal of the Postgraduates of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2024年中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项中研究生科研创新平台项目资金资助:数据课税的理论基础、路径选择与规则建构(项目编号:202410667)。部分研究成果。

摘　　要：关于数据包交易的合同规则适用,学界主要存在参照适用买卖合同或许可合同两种观点。然而,上述观点均未在厘清数据交易客体的基础上探讨其合同规范的适用,由此造成适用的偏差。在数据交易客体的认定上,无论是在理论层面抑或是规则层面,数据所有权的观点已然面临本体困境。根据数据的特征、数据法的社会本位理念及其促进数据流通的规制目标,法律宜明确将数据交易的客体界定为数据使用权。囿于民法上规范所有权、使用权让与的合同与数据交易并不兼容,且数据交易在合同适用上具有特殊性,故而将数据许可合同有名化具有必要性。进一步而言,宜将数据许可合同置于未来制定的“数据交易法”中,即采取“监管法”与“合同法”合并的立法模式,并明确其交易对象、数据许可人与被许可人的权利和义务。Regarding the applicable contract rules for data package transactions,the academic community primarily holds two viewpoints:applying rules for sales contracts or for license contracts.However,neither of these viewpoints has explored the application of contract norms based on clarifying the object of data transactions,leading to flawed conclusions.In terms of identifying the object of data transactions,the concept of data ownership faces ontological difficulties both theoretically and at the regulatory level.Based on the characteristics of data,the social oriented principle of data law,and its regulatory goal of promoting data circulation,the law should clearly define the object of data transactions as data usage rights.Limited by the incompatibility of contracts regulating ownership and transfer of usage rights in civil law with data transactions,and considering the unique nature of data transactions in terms of contract application,it is necessary to formalize data licensing contracts.Furthermore,data license contracts should be incorporated into the future“Data Transaction Law”,adopting a legislative model that combines“regulatory law”and“contract law”,and clarifying the transaction object,as well as the rights and obligations of data licensors and licensees.

关 键 词：数据交易 数据使用权 数据许可 数据许可合同 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]