论上博简《曹沫之陈》的学派性质与成书年代  

The School and Writing Time of the Bamboo Slips Cao Mo Zhi Chen from Shanghai Museum

作　　者：王世林 刘全志[1] WANG Shilin;LIU Quanzhi

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京海淀100875

出　　处：《海峡人文学刊》2025年第1期66-77,137,159,共14页Journal of Humanities Across the Straits

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“出土文献与战国时期春秋史书写研究”(23BZW040)。

摘　　要：上博简《曹沫之陈》的战争观念是判断其学派性质与成书年代的重要依据。简文的内容是以“问对”结构所彰显,这使得文本重心分化为提问与回答两种,且存在后者对前者的转换。一方面,简文的形式特征暗示了其属于依托性质的诸子百家语;另一方面,回答者曹沫言语中对具体战争过程的回避以及“以政论战”的理念,契合了儒家的战争观。以此为线索,会发现简文的结构体系与知识来源皆与孟子的战争观念有着对应关联。前者以对孟子核心原则的延展及其理论缺陷的超越实现了新变;后者则以对孟子的承续支撑起简文战争思想的主干。除战争问题外,简文仍蕴含着对诸多社会话题的回应并有待进一步发掘。s:The concept of war in Cao Mo Zhi Chen from the Shanghai Museum bamboo ships is an important basis for judging the school and the writing time.The content of the brief text is highlighted by the structure of“asking and question”,which makes the focus of the text divided into two types:Question and answer,and there is a transformation of the latter to the former.On the one hand,the formal characteristics of the bamboo slip imply that it belongs to the school of its dependent nature.On the other hand,the respondent Cao Mo’s avoidance of the specific process of war and the concept of“political debate”are in line with the Confucian concept of war.Taking this as a clue,we will find that the structural system and knowledge sources of the bamboo slip are correlated with Mencius’s concept of war.The former achieves a new change by extending Mencius’s core principles and transcending his theoretical shortcomings;the latter supported the backbone of the bamboo slip thought on war with the continuation of Mencius.Beyond the issue of war,the brief text also contains responses to many social topics and needs to be further explored.

关 键 词：上博简 曹沫之陈 战争观念 孟子 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]