异戊二烯共聚改性木质素补强橡胶复合材料  

Isoprene copolymer-modified lignin to reinforce rubber composites

作　　者：侯世航 任顺强 王司晨 张继川[2] 樊永明[1] Hou Shihang;Ren Shunqiang;Wang Sichen;Zhang Jichuan;Fan Yongming(School of Materials Science and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2025年第3期162-170,共9页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52273051)。

摘　　要：【目的】木质素是一种中等极性的天然高分子材料,与橡胶基体相容性较差,难以直接作为橡胶工业的补强填料。为降低木质素的极性并改善其与非极性橡胶的相容性,本研究开发了一种新型共聚改性木质素材料。【方法】采用丙烯酰氯对木质素进行酰化改性,并通过自由基共聚反应,将酰化木质素与异戊二烯进行共聚合,在木质素大分子中引入长链烷烃侧基,制备异戊二烯/酰化木质素共聚材料(ALI)。然后,对改性木质素的结构变化进行表征,并分析ALI在橡胶基体中的分散特性以及天然橡胶复合材料的力学性能。【结果】改性木质素材料的羟基含量降低,接触角从66.13°提高到80.16°,这表明其分子极性降低且与橡胶基体的相容性增强。当ALI的添加量为5 g时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到20.61 MPa,与炭黑填充样品相近;断裂伸长率为581.20%,较炭黑填充样品提高了42.40%。这表明改性木质素材料在填料-橡胶网络中分散良好,且橡胶基体得到了有效补强。【结论】本研究成功开发的异戊二烯/酰化木质素共聚材料显著改善了木质素与橡胶基体的相容性,使天然橡胶复合材料表现出优异的强度和韧性,实现了对天然橡胶复合材料的有效补强。[Objective]Lignin is a naturally occurring polymer with moderate polarity,and its compatibility with rubber matrix is insufficient.As a reinforcing filler in the rubber industry,it is difficult to achieve a direct reinforcement effect on rubber.To reduce the polarity of lignin and improve its compatibility with non-polar rubber,a new type of copolymer-modified lignin material had been developed.[Method]Lignin was modified by acylation with acrylolyl chloride,and the acylated lignin was copolymerized with isoprene via free radical copolymerization.This process introduced long-chain alkyl side groups into lignin macromolecule,resulting in the preparation of isoprene/acylated lignin copolymer material(ALI).Subsequently,the structural changes of modified lignin,dispersion properties of ALI in rubber matrix,and the mechanical properties of natural rubber composites were tested and analyzed.[Result]The hydroxyl content of modified lignin material decreased,and the contact angle increased from 66.13°to 80.16°,indicating a decrease in molecular polarity and an improved compatibility with rubber matrix.When the ALI content was 5 g,the tensile strength of composite material reached 20.61 MPa,which was similar to that of carbon black-filled sample.The elongation at break reached 581.20%,which was an increase of 42.40%compared with carbon black-filled sample.This demonstrated that the modified lignin material had good dispersion in filler-rubber network,leading to reinforcement of rubber matrix.[Conclusion]The isoprene/acetylated lignin copolymer material prepared in this study successfully improves the compatibility between lignin and rubber matrix.The natural rubber composites exhibite good strength and toughness,achieving reinforcement of natural rubber.

关 键 词：木质素 异戊二烯 共聚 天然橡胶 补强 聚合物基复合材料 

分 类 号：O636.2[理学—高分子化学] TQ332.5[理学—化学]