23个梨新品种S基因型的鉴定与分析  

Identification and analysis of S-genotypes in 23 new pear cultivars

作　　者：王亚楠 张向展 王苏珂[1,2] 苏艳丽 王龙[1,2,3] 薛华柏 WANG Yanan;ZHANG Xiangzhan;WANG Suke;SU Yanli;WANG Long;XUE Huabai(National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops/Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Zhongyuan Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Xinxiang 453004,Henan,China;Chuxiong Yunfruit Industry Technology Research Institute,Chuxiong 675000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室·中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]中国农业科学院中原研究中心,河南新乡453004 [3]楚雄云果产业技术研究院,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《果树学报》2025年第3期453-461,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：河南省重点研发项目(241111113500);云南省重大科技专项计划(202302AE090005);国家自然科学基金项目(32202439);河南省重大科技专项(221100110400);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-28);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP);河南省科技攻关项目(232102110180);河南省国际科技合作项目(242102521063)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定梨新品种的S基因型可为合理配置授粉树、杂交亲本选配提供理论依据。【方法】为鉴定23个梨新品种的S基因型,设计新的特异引物FTQQYQ-B和anti-GIIWPN,对梨新品种的基因组DNA进行S基因特异扩增,并对扩增片段进行回收、克隆、测序,对各序列进行同源性搜索比对,最终确定各品种的S基因型。同时,对S基因出现频率和各品种授粉亲和性进行分析。【结果】确定23个梨新品种S基因型为:红香酥S_(22)S_(39);中梨1号S_(1)S_(4);红酥宝、早红玉、红玛瑙、恬心和金香玉S3S_(39);丹霞红、中梨秋香和六月香S_(4)S_(39);红酥蜜S_(4)S_(22);中梨碧玉S5Sd;中梨蜜脆S_(4)S5;中梨291 S_(12)S_(28);阳光蜜露S_(12)S_(22);早白蜜、T109和红玉S5S_(12);红酥脆、满天红和美人酥S_(4)S_(12);中梨金福S5S_(39);秋月S3S_(4);库尔勒香梨S_(22)S_(28)。统计发现S_(4)和S_(39)基因在新品种中出现频率最高。【结论】研究鉴定出23个梨新品种的S基因型,为新品种商业化栽培配置适宜授粉树提供了理论依据。【Objective】Taxonomically,pear(Pyrus spp.)belongs to the Rosaceae family,Maloideae subfamily and Pyrus genus.It exhibits a typical gametophytic self-incompatibility(GSI)mechanism controlled by a single S-locus with multiple alleles.The S gene product within the style is a glycoprotein with ribonuclease(RNase)activity,known as S-RNase,which specifically regulates the recognition process between pollen and pistil.In commercial production,the rational configuration of pollinizer trees or the implementation of supplementary measures,like artificial pollination,is essential to ensure successful fruit set.China is endowed with a vast genetic resource of pear cultivars,comprising over 3000 varieties,which harbor a rich reservoir of S-gene alleles.Therefore,identifying the S-genotypes of pear cultivars and investigating the resources of S genes are of paramount importance for enhancing pear production and advancing genetic improvement through breeding.Recognizing the S-genotypes in new pear cultivars offers a theoretical foundation for the strategic planning of pollinizer tree arrangements and the judicious selection of hybridization parents.【Methods】DNA was extracted from the leaves of pear cultivars including Hongxiangsu,Zhongli No.1,Hongsubao,Zaohongyu,Hongmanao,Tianxin,Jinxiangyu,Danxiahong,Zhongliqiuxiang,Liuyuexiang,Hongsumi,Zhonglibiyu,Zhonglimicui,Zhongli 291,Yangguangmilu,Zaobaimi,T109,Hongyu,Hongsucui,Mantianhong,Meirensu,Zhonglijinfu,Akizuki and Kuerlexiangli pear.In this experiment,a total of three pairs of primers were designed.The first pair of primers was designed based on the primers reported.Specifically,the forward and reverse primers were selected from the highly conserved regions flanking the hypervariable region of the S gene,with high specificity.The forward primer was named FTQQYQ,with the sequence 5'-TTTACGCAGCAATATCAG-3',and the reverse primer was named anti-IWPNV,with the sequence 5'-AC(A/G)TTCGGCCAAATAATT-3'.The second pair of primers was designed using the DANMAN software to align the r

关 键 词：梨 自交不亲和 S基因型 特异性引物 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]