鲜食余甘子新品种绿田油甘的选育  

Breeding report of a new table Phyllanthus emblica cultivar Lütianyougan

作　　者：赖多[1] 肖维强[1] 秦健 庄庆礼 彭康宏 邵雪花[1] LAI Duo;XIAO Weiqiang;QIN Jian;ZHUANG Qingli;PENG Kanghong;SHAO Xuehua(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Research on Fruit Tree,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;Luhe County Guotian Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.,LTD/Guangdong Provincial Doctoral Workstation,Luhe 516700,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省果树科学与技术研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]陆河县果田生态农业科技有限公司·广东省博士工作站,广东陆河516700

出　　处：《果树学报》2025年第3期683-688,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：省级乡村振兴战略专项资金-广东农技服务轻骑兵重大农业技术乡村行推广项目(NJTG20240241);广东省农业科学院汕尾分院科技合作专项(2023-分院专项-01);广东省现代农业产业园-陆河县油甘产业园科技支撑项目(2022);广东省博士工作站项目(2024)。

摘　　要：绿田油甘是从余甘子实生群体中通过单株选育而成的鲜食新品种。其果实扁圆形,果棱明显,果皮黄绿色,肉质爽脆,甘甜、涩味轻;平均单果质量11.0 g,最大单果质量17.34 g,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)9.44%,总糖含量7.2 g·100 g^(-1),可滴定酸含量10.81 g·kg^(-1),维生素C含量294.0 mg·100 g^(-1),可食率92.6%。在广东潮汕地区,10月上旬至11月上旬成熟,属于晚熟品种;成熟期和挂果期较长,生理落果不明显。该品种果实大、商品性好,适应性强,易栽培管理,具有回甘浓、品质优、丰产稳产等特点,适合在广东及相似气候区种植。Phyllanthus emblica L.is one of important fruit crops with both medicinal and edible values.Currently,fresh variety of P.emblica has high economic benefit and great development potential.Herein,Lütianyougan,a new table variety of P.emblica with excellent traits,was selected from the wild seedling population.In 2013,a native population of P.emblica with different traits was first discovered in Hekou Town,Lühe county,Shanwei City.After many years of field investigation and quality assessment,the fruits from a single plant line was found,which was named as No.2 tree,whose fruit was bigger than other varieties,and had strong aftertaste and light astringency.Due to its high quality and great potential in the market,No.2 tree was grafted on wild seedling rootstocks for further field trials in 2014.Through 3 generations of continuous observation on the growth and fruiting habits of grafted seedlings,its offsprings showed stable economic characteristics and high-yield performance with good fruit quality,and its genetic stability was confirmed by inter simple sequence repeat(ISSR)analysis.During 2018—2021,the regional trials were carried out in three different cities including Shanwei,Jieyang and Shantou,and the growth and fruiting habits of No.2 tree were stable with good performance.In November 2023,it was released as Lütianyougan with the registration code of Yuepingguo 20230009 after the validation by the Guangdong Provincial Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee.Lütianyougan is a fresh-eating variety of P.emblica.The tree vigor is strong with erect shape.The color of bark is gray-brown,the old branches are offwhite with round-punctiform pores,while the new shoot is slender with dense longitudinal textures.The leaf is imparipinnate,young leaf is yellow-green,and mature leaf is dark green,leathery and rectangular in shape.The flowers are white with six petals.The inflorescence of Lütianyougan is cymes composed of many male flowers and one female flower or all male flowers.The fruit is oblate and smooth

关 键 词：余甘子 新品种 绿田油甘 鲜食 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]