新型氮肥增效剂N-lifeⅡ对棉田土壤氮素供给及相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of a new nitrogen fertilizer synergist N-lifeⅡapplication on soil nitrogen supply and related enzyme activities in cotton fields

作　　者：石钇琦 祝越熠 马心雨 祝水金[1,2] 赵天伦 Shi Yiqi;Zhu Yueyi;Ma Xinyu;Zhu Shuijin;Zhao Tianlun(Hainan Institute,Zhejiang University,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海南研究院,海南三亚572025 [2]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《棉花学报》2025年第1期13-24,共12页Cotton Science

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划(SQ2021XDNY0696);江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同施氮水平下施用N-lifeⅡ(主要有效成分为氯啶)对棉田土壤养分含量以及土壤氮循环相关酶活性的影响,为N-lifeⅡ在棉花生产中的应用提供依据。【方法】以浙大12号为供试棉花品种,2021―2022年在海南省三亚市开展大田试验,采用两因素裂区试验,主区为N-lifeⅡ施用量:每公顷分别施用22.5 kg和0 kg(对照),副区为纯氮用量:每公顷分别施用285.0 kg(常规用量)、256.5 kg(减氮10%)、228.0 kg(减氮20%)和199.5 kg(减氮30%,仅2022年)。分析不同处理下棉花苗期、花铃期和吐絮期的土壤氮磷钾含量和土壤脲酶、氨单加氧酶(ammonia monooxygenase,AMO)、羟胺氧化还原酶(hydroxylamine oxidoreductase,HAO)、亚硝酸盐氧化还原酶(nitrite oxidoreductase,NXR)、硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase,NR)和亚硝酸还原酶(nitrite reductase,NiR)活性的变化。【结果】同一施氮水平下,与各自的对照处理相比,N-lifeⅡ处理下花铃期和吐絮期的土壤铵态氮含量增加;苗期和花铃期的土壤硝态氮含量降低,吐絮期的土壤硝态氮含量升高;苗期、花铃期和吐絮期,土壤全氮、P2O5和K2O含量均无显著变化。与所有对照处理的平均值相比,吐絮期N-lifeⅡ处理的土壤平均全氮含量显著提高6.10%~6.63%,花铃期和吐絮期的土壤平均P2O5、K2O含量均显著降低。施用N-lifeⅡ可降低苗期和花铃期的土壤脲酶、AMO、NR和NiR活性,降低苗期土壤NXR活性,增强吐絮期土壤脲酶活性,在正常施氮水平下增强吐絮期土壤NiR活性,在棉花不同生育时期对土壤HAO活性均无显著影响。【结论】不同施氮水平下,N-lifeⅡ可通过抑制土壤脲酶、AMO、NXR、NR和NiR的活性,降低苗期和花铃期的土壤硝态氮含量,并提高花铃期和吐絮期的土壤铵态氮含量。[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the effect of N-lifeⅡ(the main active ingredient is nitrapyrin)on soil nutrient contents and soil nitrogen(N)cycle-related enzyme activities under different application levels of N,so as to provide a basis for the application of N-lifeⅡin cotton production.[Methods]Field experiments were carried out at Sanya,Hainan province in 2021 and 2022 with Zheda 12 as the experimental material.The field experiment was designed with two factors split-pot.The main plot was N-lifeⅡapplication level:22.5 kg and 0 kg(control)per hectare,respectively;the secondary plot was pure N application level:285.0 kg(conventional level),256.5 kg(10%N reduction),228.0 kg(20%N reduction),and 199.5 kg(30%N reduction,2022 only)per hectare,respectively.N,phosphorus and potassium contents as well as urease,ammonia monooxygenase(AMO),hydroxylamine oxidoreductase(HAO),nitrite oxidoreductase(NXR),nitrate reductase(NR),and nitrite reductase(NiR)activities in soil were analyzed at the seedling stage,flowering and boll setting stage,and boll opening stage of cotton under different treatments.[Results]Compared with the respective control treatments at the same N application level,soil ammoniacal N content increased at the flowering and boll setting stage and boll opening stage under the N-lifeⅡtreatment;soil nitrate N content decreased at the seedling stage and flowering and boll setting stage,and increased at the boll opening stage;and there were no significant differences in the contents of soil total N,P2O5 and K2O at the seedling stage,flowering and boll setting stage,and boll opening stage.Compared with the mean values of all control treatments,the average soil total N content under N-lifeⅡtreatments was significantly increased by 6.10%to 6.63%at the boll opening stage;the average soil P2O5 and K2O contents under N-lifeⅡtreatments were significantly reduced during the flowering and boll setting stage and boll opening stage.Application of N-lifeⅡreduced the activities of soil urease,AMO,NR,and NiR

关 键 词：棉花 N-lifeⅡ 硝化抑制剂 土壤养分含量 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]