淤泥粉沙混合区瞬时含沙量垂线分布测量  

Measurement of the Vertical Distribution of Instantaneous Sediment Concentration in the Silt-Silt Sand Zone

作　　者：刘春嵘 罗文姚 LIU Chunrong;LUO Wenyao(School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院土木工程与建筑学院,福建厦门361024

出　　处：《厦门理工学院学报》2025年第1期69-76,共8页Journal of Xiamen University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“波浪与柔性压电膜系统的非线性耦合作用研究”(12072306)。

摘　　要：为获得高含沙量情况下可靠的瞬时含沙量垂线分布数据,基于浮球平衡原理,设计出淤泥粉沙混合区瞬时含沙量垂线分布测量的浮球法含沙量测量装置。对3种颗粒级配泥样容重的测量结果显示,该装置不受泥沙颗粒级配的影响,在含沙量高、粘粒含量高的情况下可获得稳定可靠的测量数据。在天平游码读数精度为±0.25 g的情况下,其对含沙量的测量精度为±6.5 kg·m^(-3);若天平游码读数精度提高为±0.05 g,其测量精度可达±1.3 kg·m^(-3)。获取瞬时含沙量垂线分布时,在手动调整浮球位置的情况下,当粘粒含量高于20%时,除泥水界面附近区域外,插值引起的相对误差可控制在5%以下;若能自动调整浮球位置,插值引起的相对误差可进一步减小。A measuring device for sediment concentration using the floating ball method for measuring the vertical distribution of instantaneous sediment concentration in the silt-sand mixed zone was designed based on the principle of floating ball balance to obtain reliable data on the vertical distribution of instantaneous sediment concentration under high sediment concentration conditions.The measurement results of the unit weights of three types of sediment samples with different particle gradations show that this device is not affected by the particle gradation of the sediment.Stable and reliable measurement data can be obtained even under conditions of high sediment concentration and high clay content.When the reading accuracy of the balance rider is±0.25 g,the measurement accuracy of the sediment concentration is±6.5 kg•m^(-3);when the reading accuracy of the balance rider is improved to±0.05 g,the measurement accuracy reaches±1.3 kg•m^(-3).When obtaining the vertical distribution of instantaneous sediment concentration by manually adjusting the position of the floating ball,the relative error caused by interpolation can be controlled below 5%with the clay content higher than 20%,except the area near the mud-water interface.If the position of the floating ball can be automatically adjusted,the relative error caused by interpolation can be further reduced.

关 键 词：含沙量 垂线分布测量 淤泥粉沙混合区 泥沙沉降 航道淤积 

分 类 号：TV149[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]