基于MC模拟的HPGe探测器效率刻度参数相关性研究  

Correlation of Calibration Parameters for HPGe Detector Efficiency Based on Monte Carlo Simulation

作　　者：李焱 单陈瑜 顾卫国[1] 王德忠[1] LI Yan;SHAN Chenyu;GU Weiguo;WANG Dezhong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute,Shenzhen 518031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]中广核研究院有限公司,广东深圳518031

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2025年第3期708-716,共9页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：高纯锗(HPGe)探测器具有高能量分辨率、高探测效率,广泛用于测量γ射线和X射线的各项物理量。为了提高HPGe探测器的标定效率,本文采用蒙特卡罗(MC)模拟方法模拟了不同晶体尺寸、不同源距和偏心距下HPGe探测器对低、中放废物桶的探测效率,基于单一变量法对探测效率进行了统计分析。通过分析,确定了源距、偏心距以及不同偏心距、源距下探测效率与晶体直径的关系。结果表明,不同尺寸晶体的探测效率的变化幅度与偏心距、源距之间均没有明显的关联,仅与HPGe晶体的尺寸有关。进而可以得到一组修正系数用于修正晶体尺寸带来的探测效率的误差。该修正方法在蒙特卡罗模拟下相对误差均在5.5%以内。During the operation,maintenance,and eventual decommissioning of nuclear power plants,a significant amount of low and intermediate-level radioactive waste is generated.The measurement and management of this waste require precise radiation detection methods.High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors are commonly employed in this context due to their superior characteristics,including high energy resolution,high detection efficiency,and a broad detection range.However,to ensure the optimal performance of HPGe detectors,it is crucial to configure them with accurate parameters and an appropriate structural design.One of the key challenges in using HPGe detectors lies in the timeconsuming nature of the current calibration methods.These calibration processes are essential for achieving accurate measurements but often take up a considerable amount of time.As a result,there is a pressing need for the development of new calibration techniques that can significantly reduce the time required without sacrificing accuracy.In this study,the calibration efficiency of HPGe detectors used specifically for measuring low and intermediate-level radioactive waste drums was improved.The study primarily focused on addressing the limitations of current calibration methods by proposing more efficient alternatives.To achieve this,the Monte Carlo simulation method was employed to model the behavior of the detectors under various conditions,including different crystal diameters,varying distances between the detector and the waste drum,and different eccentricities.After these simulations,the detection efficiencies for various conditions were compared to identify how crystal diameter impacts detection efficiency.A key finding is that the distance between the detector and the waste drum,as well as the eccentricity,has little effect on the detection efficiency ratio between different crystal diameters.Further analysis reveals that the ratio of detection efficiency for crystals of different diameters,when compared to a standard crystal size,increases

关 键 词：高纯锗探测器 蒙特卡罗模拟 探测效率 晶体尺寸 

分 类 号：TL81[核科学技术—核技术及应用]