生态环境法典的严格责任条款设置  

Provisions of Strict Liability in the Codification of Environmental Law

作　　者：毛彦君 MAO Yan-jun(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072

出　　处：《黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报》2025年第2期98-102,115,共6页Journal of Heilongjiang Vocational Institute of Ecological Engineering

摘　　要：比较研究表明,许多国家将严格责任的适用范围限制在法律规定的具体危险源,这种限制引发了“同案不同判”以及恣意裁量评价的问题。由于现行立法仅涵盖部分危险情形,因此,一些学者主张在生态环境法典的责任编中引入严格责任的“一般条款”,强调在编纂环境法典时,应考虑立法技术要求,通过平衡各方立场,寻求合理解决方案:一方面,应适当限制严格责任的适用范围,另一方面,应通过“一般条款”适当拓展严格责任的适用。对此,应确定适当的平衡点,在考虑法典的逻辑性、可预见性和稳定性的基础上,明确这些规则的适用范围:严格责任不应仅限于异常危险活动,而应形成以“控制危险物”为中心的环境法律责任标准。Comparative studies have shown that many countries limit the scope of strict liability to specific hazards specified by law,and this restriction has led to the problem of“different judgments for the same case”and arbitrary evaluation.The current legislation often limits the scope of strict liability to specific sources of danger,therefore,some scholars advocate introducing a“general clause”of strict liability in the responsibility section of the Ecological Environment Code,emphasizing that legislative technical requirements should be considered when compiling the Environmental Code,and reasonable solutions should be sought by balancing the positions of all parties:On the one hand,the scope of strict liability should be appropriately limited,and on the other hand,the application of strict liability should be appropriately expanded through“general terms”.In this regard,an appropriate balance point should be determined,and the scope of application of these rules should be clarified on the basis of considering the logic,predictability,and stability of the code.Strict liability should not be limited to abnormal hazardous activities,but should form an environmental legal liability standard centered on“controlling hazardous materials”.

关 键 词：生态环境法典 编订纂修 生态环境责任编 严格责任 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]