森林凋落物分解速率的影响因素研究进展  

Research progress on the influencing factors of forest litter decomposition rate

作　　者：郭屹立[1,2] 刘绮 陆雪干 刘铭 李先琨[1,2] GUO Yili;LIU Qi;LU Xuegan;LIU Ming;LI Xiankun(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain,Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi,Chongzuo 532499,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [2]弄岗喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站,广西崇左532499 [3]广西大学林学院,广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《广西植物》2025年第3期413-425,共13页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32271599);广西自然科学基金(2022GXNSFDA035076)。

摘　　要：凋落物作为森林生态系统的重要功能组成部分,其分解过程不仅是生态系统物质循环和能量流动的主要途径,还是构成生物地球化学循环的关键环节,深刻影响着土壤肥力、碳储存与释放以及生物多样性等多个方面,对维持生态平衡具有重要意义。该文系统性地总结归纳了影响凋落物分解的主要因素,具体包括凋落物的化学组成、物理结构等质量特征,气候条件的变化,以及土壤分解者的种类与活性等。同时,该文还深入梳理了近些年来国内外在凋落物分解领域的研究进展和热点话题,这对深化森林生态系统管理、推动物质循环研究以及应对全球气候变化等都具有重要的理论与实践意义。未来研究应在整合不同森林生态系统的背景下,进一步深化对主场效应、土壤动物作用、光降解等话题的认识,并建立系统的分解机制研究框架。此外,构建一个针对全球气候变化背景下不同凋落物处理(包括添加与去除)的长期固定实验网络平台,对于深入揭示凋落物分解对土壤有机碳转化与稳定性机制具有重要意义。在全球气候变化的大背景下,该文为进一步探索凋落物分解过程的影响因素及其响应机制提供了生态学视角的见解与建议。Litter is a crucial functional component in forest ecosystems.Its decomposition is not only a major pathway for material cycling and energy flow but also a key link in biogeochemical cycles.It profoundly impacts soil fertility,carbon storage and release,biodiversity,and other aspects,which plays a significant role in maintaining ecological balance.This paper systematically summarizes the main factors influencing litter decomposition,including quality features like chemical compositions and physical structures,etc.,of litter,changes in climate conditions,and the types and activities of soil decomposers,etc.Meanwhile,the paper thoroughly reviews recent research progress and hot topics in the field of litter decomposition both domestically and internationally.This has important theoretical and practical significance for enhancing forest ecosystem management,advancing material cycling research,and addressing global climate change.Future research should deepen understandings of topics such as home-field advantage,soil fauna roles,and photodegradation in various forest ecosystem contexts,and establish a systematic framework for studying decomposition mechanisms.Additionally,developing a long-term,fixed experimental network platform for different litter treatments(including addition and removal)against the backdrop of global climate change is crucial for revealing the mechanisms of litter decomposition on soil organic carbon transformation and stability.In the context of global climate change,this paper offers ecological insights and suggestions for further exploring the influencing factors and response mechanisms of litter decomposition processes.

关 键 词：森林生态系统 凋落物分解 凋落物质量 气候 土壤分解者 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]