金朝都统民族构成探析  

On the Ethnic Composition of Dutong in Jin Dynasty

作　　者：宋卿[1] 王晓明[1] SONG Qing;WANG Xiaoming(School of History and Culture,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《大连民族大学学报》2025年第2期107-115,共9页Journal of Dalian Minzu University

基　　金：国家社科基金铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究专项“中华民族多元一体理论源起发展与东北地区历史考古实证研究”(23VMZ003);吉林省社会科学基金(吉林历史文化研究专项)重点项目“古代东北民族交往交流交融中的中华认同意识”(2024LS1)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：金朝都统一职贯穿其政权发展之始终,不同性质的都统民族成分迥然不同。金初内外诸军都统与诸路都统具有较强的军政合一性,皆由女真人担任,呈现单一的民族特征。但随着都统性质发生变化以及金军内部对其他民族成分的吸纳,汉人、渤海人、契丹人以及奚人等进入都统之行列,其民族成分又走向多元。因此,仅具军事职能的都统在整体上得以保持女真为主、各族参用的结构,但在海陵、宣宗时期因受民族政策和政局变动的影响,非女真成分凸显。金朝都统的民族构成由单一走向多元,丰富了金军的作战手段和作战方式,促进了金朝境内各民族的交往交流交融。As the officer in the Jin Dynasty,Dutong ran through the whole development of the regime,and the ethnic composition of the different natures of Dutong was vastly different.In the early Jin Dynasty,Dutong of armies internal and external as well as Dutong of administrative districts were all held by Jurchen with a strong military and political nature,showing a single ethnic characteristics.But with the change in the nature of Dutong and the absorption of other ethnic components within the Jin army,Han,Bohai,KHitan and Xi people entered the ranks of Dutong,which made the ethnic components of Dutong diversified.As a result,the Dutong with only military functions maintained the structure of Jurchen as the main and the participation of other ethnic groups.However,due to the influence of ethnic policy and political changes in the periods of Hailing and Xuanzong,the non-Jurchen components became prominent.The ethnic composition of Dutong of the Jin Dynasty changed from single to diversified,which enriched the fighting means and modes of the Jin army,and promoted the interaction,communication and fusion among various ethnic groups in the Jin Dynasty.

关 键 词：金朝 都统 民族构成 民族交融 

分 类 号：K289[历史地理—历史学]