紫背浮萍对养殖废水氮磷吸收及生物资源化利用前景的研究  

Research on the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater by Spirodela polyrhiza and the prospects for its biomass resource utilization

作　　者：乔同雷 吕冬伟[1] 董仁杰[2] Qiao Tonglei;Lui Dongwei;Dong Renjie(Yantai Research Institute of China Agricultural University,Yantai 264670,China;College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670 [2]中国农业大学工学院,北京100091

出　　处：《可再生能源》2025年第3期285-291,共7页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：利用速生水生植物生态化处理养殖废水模式研究及关键技术研发(H202408);烟台市校地融合发展项目(2024XDRHXMPT13)。

摘　　要：文章以紫背浮萍为研究对象,研究了养殖废水稀释倍数和初始接种量对紫背浮萍生长和粗蛋白累积的影响,以及紫背浮萍对养殖废水中氮磷营养盐的吸收净化规律。研究结果表明,随着养殖废水稀释倍数的增加,紫背浮萍对NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,PO_(4)^(3-)-P的去除率逐渐上升,紫背浮萍对NH_(4)^(+)-N的吸收净化早于NO_(3)^(-)-N;随着紫背浮萍初始接种量的增加,其对PO_(4)^(3-)-P和NO_(3)^(-)-N的去除率均增加,当紫背浮萍初始接种量分别为50%和75%时,其对NH_(4)^(+)-N的去除率分别达到97.6%和94.1%;紫背浮萍的粗蛋白含量随着养殖废水稀释倍数的增大而减小,在20倍稀释的养殖废水中紫背浮萍有最高增长量和增长率;在养殖废水稀释20倍,紫背浮萍初始接种量为75%的条件下,紫背浮萍的蛋白质年产量可达0.91 t/hm^(2)。This paper takes Spirodela polyrhiza as the experimental object to study the effects of the dilution multiple of aquaculture wastewater and the initial inoculation amount on the growth and crude protein accumulation of Spirodela polyrhiza,as well as the absorption and purification patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in aquaculture wastewater by Spirodela polyrhiza.The results show that with the increase of the dilution multiple of aquaculture wastewater,the removal rates of NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,and PO_(4)^(3-)-P by Spirodela polyrhiza gradually increase,and the absorption and purification of NH_(4)^(+)-N by Spirodela polyrhiza is earlier than that of NO_(3)^(-)-N.With the increase of the initial inoculation amount of Spirodela polyrhiza,the removal rates of PO_(4)^(3-)-P and NO_(3)^(-)-N both increase.When the initial inoculation amounts of Spirodela polyrhiza are 50%and 75%,the removal rates of NH_(4)^(+)-N reach 97.6%and 94.1%,respectively.The crude protein content of Spirodela polyrhiza decreases with the increase of the dilution multiple of aquaculture wastewater.The highest growth amount and growth rate of Spirodela polyrhiza is achieved in the aquaculture wastewater diluted 20 times.Under the conditions of 20 times dilution of aquaculture wastewater and an initial inoculation amount of 75%of Spirodela polyrhiza,the annual protein yield of Spirodela polyrhiza can reach 0.91 t/hm^(2).

关 键 词：紫背浮萍 养殖废水 氮磷去除率 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]