简化字溯源:西北汉简所见简化字及其简化方式  

Tracing the Origin of Simplified Characters:Simplified Characters and Their Simplified Forms in Northwest Han Bamboo Slips

作　　者：黄艳萍 邬汇茹 Huang Yanping;Wu Huiru(School of Humanities,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学人文学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《现代语文》2024年第12期66-74,共9页Modern Chinese

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“西北屯戍汉简分类集成及简册复原研究”(19CZS008)。

摘　　要：现行简化字并非凭空杜撰或闭门造车的产物,绝大多数字形都是有源可循的,其中,有30%的简化字形都能追溯至先秦两汉。值得注意的是,西北汉简中存有不少字体,与现行简化字形相似或相同,为简化字溯源提供了实际证据。以肩水金关汉简、敦煌马圈湾汉简、居延汉简、居延新简等西北汉简为研究对象,对其中的草简字和简化偏旁进行系统梳理和全面分析。根据字形的草简情况,可以将其划分为四种类型:构件类推简化、构件减省、整字草写楷化、其他构件简化。通过这一个案研究,来厘清简化字的简化方式与类型,并描述汉字字形演变的基本脉络。Current simplified Chinese characters are not arbitrary inventions,the majority of their forms have traceable origins,with 30%of simplified glyphs originating from the pre-Qin and Han periods.Notably,many characters found in Northwest Han bamboo slips closely resemble or even match modern simplified forms,providing empirical evidence for the historical roots of simplified characters.This study systematically collates and comprehensively analyzes cursive-simplified characters and simplified components in Northwest Han bamboo slips,including those from Jianshui Jinguan,Dunhuang Majuanwan,Juyan,and Juyan new slips.Based on the cursive simplification patterns,these characters are categorized into four types:component analogy simplification,component omission,cursive-to-standard script transformation of entire characters,and other component simplifications.Through this case study,the research clarifies the methods and typology of character simplification while delineating the evolutionary trajectory of Chinese character forms.

关 键 词：西北汉简 简化字 溯源 简化方式 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] H124[历史地理—历史学]