大学智库起源问题论析  

On the Origins of University Think Tanks

作　　者：何振海[1] 苏晓萱 何赛达 HE Zhenhai;SU Xiaoxuan;HE Saida(College of Education,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学教育学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《太原师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期49-55,共7页Journal of Taiyuan Normal University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“基于一流学科生成的西方大学学派发展研究”(BOA220187)。

摘　　要：在人们的一般印象中,现代大学智库发端于西方发达国家,但在很长一段时期内,国内外学术界对现代大学智库起源问题的探讨几乎处于“失语”状态,其原因在于:一方面,相对于其他类型智库,大学智库的“边界特征”较为模糊;另一方面,大学智库起源问题自身也存在较大的复杂性。从大学智库职能属性的角度出发,判断大学智库起源的基本依据,应落脚于大学科学研究与社会服务职能的结合及拓展上。这两种职能的结合与拓展,为大学智库的出现提供了实践基础,与此同时,20世纪前期主要发达国家特别是美国民间研究机构的壮大、私人基金会的支持,以及二战期间美国“联邦研究经济”的兴起,又为最早的大学智库的诞生提供了助推力。到二战结束之后,在上述因素的共同作用下,以哈佛大学俄国研究中心为代表的最早的一批大学智库终于走上了历史舞台,成为此后现代大学智库在全球范围内迅速壮大的重要发端。It is generally acknowledged that modern university think tanks originated from developed Western countries.However,in a long period,the academic community both domestically and internationally was almost in a state of“lost words”when it came to discussing the origins of modern university think tanks.The reason lies in the fact that,on one hand,compared to other types of think tanks,the“boundary characteristics”of university think tanks are relatively vague.On the other hand,the problem about the origins of university think tanks is complex.From the perspective of the functional attributes of university think tanks,the basic criterion for judging the origin of university think tanks should be based on the combination and expansion of the functions of university scientific research and social services.This combination and expansion of the two functions provided a practical foundation for the emergence of university think tanks.At the same time,in the early 20th century,the growth of private research institutions in major developed countries,especially the support from private foundations in the United States,as well as the rise of the“federal research economy”during World War II,gave impetus to for the birth of the earliest university think tanks.After the end of World War II,under the combined effect of the above factors,the earliest batch of university think tanks,represented by the Russian Research Center at Harvard University,finally stepped onto the historical stage.They became an important starting point for the rapid global expansion of modern university think tanks thereafter.

关 键 词：大学智库 高等教育职能 现代大学 

分 类 号：G47[文化科学—教育学]