偏转尾射流与通气空泡耦合实验研究  

Experimental study on interaction between deflected tail jet and ventilated cavitation

作　　者：徐增辉 高经纬 向敏[1] 柳养清 黄紫光 XU Zenghui;GAO Jingwei;XIANG Min;LIU Yangqing;HUANG Ziguang(College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2025年第2期40-50,I0001,共12页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52176164)。

摘　　要：尾部高速射流是影响带动力超空泡航行体空泡形态和稳定性的关键因素之一,空泡形态受尾射流的强度、流量、角度等多种参数的影响。基于开放式重力水洞,采取时序控制方法开展尾射流与通气空泡耦合实验研究,重点分析不同射流强度下尾射流角度对空泡尺度、尾流卷吸效应的影响机制。研究表明:尾射流角度和强度会改变尾射流核心速度与空泡轴线方向的夹角,导致射流与空泡耦合作用模式的改变;增大尾射流与空泡轴线的夹角有利于增强射流回流补气作用,而减小夹角则会增大泄气速度,导致空泡尺度收缩;在一定范围内,增大尾射流与空泡轴线的夹角有利于增强空泡稳定性,但角度过大会加剧射流对空泡壁面的冲击,导致空泡破碎、溃灭。本文研究可为推力矢量控制超空泡航行体设计提供一定理论支撑。The tail high-velocity jet is one of the key factors affecting the morphology and stability of the cavitation on a supercavitating vehicle,with the cavitation shape being related to various factors including the intensity,flow,and angle of the tail jet.This study,conducted using an open gravity water tunnel and employing a time-sequence control method,investigates the coupling effects of the tail jet and ventilated cavitation.The primary focus is on analyzing the impact mechanisms of tail jet angle on the cavitation scale and the wake entrainment effect under different jet intensities.The findings indicate that variations in the tail jet angle and intensity lead to changes in the angle between the core velocity of the tail jet and the cavitation axis direction,thereby altering the coupling mode of interaction between the jet and the cavitation.Increasing the angle between the tail jet and the cavitation axis enhances the jet's recirculation and air replenishment effect,while decreasing this angle increases the deflating velocity,causing a reduction in cavitation size.Within a certain range,increasing the angle between the tail jet and the cavitation axis can enhance the cavitation stability.However,an excessively large deflection angle can result in jet impact on the cavitation wall,leading to cavitation breakup and collapse.The research outcomes provide significant support for the thrust vector control of supercavitating vehicles.

关 键 词：超空泡 尾射流 通气空泡 射流卷吸 实验 水洞 

分 类 号：TP6[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] V211.7[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]