预冷器微细管束流动换热的模态分解与快速预测  

Modal decomposition and rapid prediction of flow and heat transfer in microtubes of precooler

作　　者：马航宇 张文强 苏纬仪[1] 安航 MA Hangyu;ZHANG Wenqiang;SU Weiyi;AN Hang(College of Energy and Power,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院,南京210016

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2025年第2期110-120,I0002,共12页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：先进航空动力工作站项目(HKCX2020-02-021)。

摘　　要：预冷器是预冷吸气式发动机冷却空气的重要部件,直接采用数值计算方法对其进行研究代价巨大,因而发展精确、快速的预测方法成为了此类发动机设计和状态监测的关键。在预冷器微细管束流动换热数值模拟的基础上,以预冷器出口反压为变量,基于本征正交分解理论和径向基函数插值方法建立了流动换热的快速预测模型,并对非样本工况进行了快速预测。结果表明,快速预测模型可以在不到1 s的时间内获得任意非样本工况的流动和换热信息,仅采用前4阶模态就能达到足够高的流场重构/预测精度。马赫数、温度及总压等流场参数的预测值与数值模拟结果均吻合良好,最大预测误差不超过2.3%,出口总压恢复系数预测误差不超过4.8%,证明了本文方法的准确性。此外,研究还发现,当预冷器出口反压很低时,管束出口会出现局部超声速区,导致该区域预测误差偏大,带来较大的总压损失,在预冷器设计或工作时应尽量避免这种现象的产生。The precooler is an important component for air cooling in engines,and it can be costly to conduct numerical simulations on the precooler directly.Developing accurate and rapid prediction methods are crucial for the design and condition monitoring of such engines.In this study,based on the numerical simulation of flow and heat transfer in the microtubes of the precooler,a rapid prediction model for flow and heat transfer was established using the back pressure of the precooler outlet as a variable,employing the proper orthogonal decomposition theory and the radial basis function interpolation method.After that,rapid prediction of nonsample operating conditions was conducted.The research shows that the rapid prediction method can obtain the flow and heat transfer information for any non-sample operating condition in less than 1 s and achieve sufficiently high flow field reconstruction/prediction accuracy using only the first 4 modes.Predictions of flow fields such as Mach number,temperature,and total pressure are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results,with a maximum prediction error of no more than 2.3%and the prediction error of outlet total pressure recovery coefficient not exceed 4.8%,confirming the accuracy of the present method.The study also shows that when the pressure of the precooler outlet is very low,there will be a local supersonic zone at the tube outlet,and the prediction error is mainly concentrated in this area.The appearance of the supersonic zone will cause a significant total pressure loss,thus this phenomenon should be avoided as much as possible in the design or operation of the precooler.

关 键 词：预冷器 微细管束 本征正交分解 径向基函数插值 快速预测 

分 类 号：V236[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]