中国国家公园绿色营建标准:国际经验与启示  

Green Construction Standards of China's National Parks:International Experiences and Inspirations

作　　者：王暠 杨锐[1,2] 赵智聪[1,2] Wang Hao;Yang Rui;Zhao Zhicong(Institute for National Parks,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,P.R.China;Department of Landscape Architecture,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局清华大学国家公园研究院,100084 [2]清华大学建筑学院景观学系,100084

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期76-83,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University :Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“国家公园背景下中国荒野地空间格局与保护机制优化研究”(51978365);国家自然科学基金项目“中国自然保护地气候连通性多情景时空测度及其规划响应”(52378060)。

摘　　要：实现国家公园建设项目标准化管理和运营,是推动建立统一、科学、规范、高效国家公园体制的重要环节。《国家公园管理暂行办法》明确规定,“国家公园范围内的保护、宣教及民生基础设施等建设项目应遵循绿色营建理念”。我国国家公园绿色营建研究处于初期阶段,本文旨在为我国国家公园绿色营建标准提供有益的国际经验和借鉴,对国际及我国台湾地区“国家公园”绿色营建标准(LEEDv4.1 BD+C、BREEAM INC 2016、EEWH-BC 2023)进行特征总结,并与中国国家公园建设项目所应用的GB/T 50378—2019《绿色建筑评价标准》进行对比分析,提出制定中国国家公园绿色营建标准的5点建议:①强化法律法规保障,严格控制开发建设;②夯实科学研究基础,保护管理生物多样性;③面向碳达峰和碳中和,减缓适应气候变化并重;④推动国际标准认证,加速国内标准整合;⑤建立公众参与模式,加强当地社区参与。Achieving standardized management and operation of national parks construction in China is a crucial step towards the establishment of a unified,scientific,standardized and efficient national parks system.The National Parks Management Policy states that national parks construction,focusing on protection,education and livelihood,should align with the concept of green construction.At present,the green construction of China's national parks is still in its early stage.This research aims to provide international experiences and inspirations through a comparison of international and China Taiwan region green construction standards(LEEDv4.1 BD+C,BREEAM INC 2016,EEWH-BC 2023,known as LEED,BREEAM,EEWH,respectively)with green construction standards of China's national parks(GB/T 50378—2019 Assessment Standard for Green Building).Five suggestion have been proposed for green construction standards of China's national park:①strengthen laws and regulations,and control construction strictly;②consolidate scientific research,protect and manage biodiversity;③align with carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,address climate change through mitigation and adaptation;④promote the certification of international standards,and accelerate the integration of domestic standards;⑤establish a public participation model,and enhance the participation of local communities.

关 键 词：风景园林 国家公园 绿色营建标准 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]