智能航运背景下智慧港口法律问题研究  

Legal Issues of Smart Ports in the Era of Intelligent Shipping

作　　者：金权 JIN Quan(School of Law,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学法学院,上海200433

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报(人文科学版)》2025年第1期7-13,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Humanities Sciences)

基　　金：上海浦东新区人民代表大会常务委员会办公室委托项目“关于制定绿色航运产业促进法的立法建议”(编号:2023-A-02)。

摘　　要：全球港口历经五次代际演进形成了具有自动化、智能化特征的现代智慧港口运行模式,但随着整个航运体系与新兴科学技术的联系愈加紧密,基于技术赋能的智能航运可能带来的新形式的社会风险也愈大,聚焦到智能港口建设运行实践可表现为网络安全风险、业务管理风险和生态环境风险。面对网络安全风险,国内海事立法应细化我国《网络安全法》《数据安全法》等法律在智慧港口网络安全治理层面的责任体系建设;面对业务管理风险,有必要将《海商法》货物交付规则、《港口法》管理规定与智慧港口的信息化业务管理相融合,规范电子业务交易规范;面对生态环境风险,应将航运业纳入全国碳排放权交易体系,并通过制定港口污染物排放核算体系实现智慧港口的减污降碳。Through five generations of development,global ports have developed a modern smart port operation paradigm characterized by automation and intelligent systems.However,as shipping systems become increasingly integrated with emerging technologies,technology-driven intelligent shipping poses novel societal risks.These risks manifest in smart port operations as three key challenges:cybersecurity vulnerabilities,operational management uncertainties,and ecological governance gaps.To address cybersecurity risks,domestic maritime legislation should refine accountability frameworks under the Cybersecurity Law and the Data Security Law to fortify smart port cybersecurity governance.For operational risks,regulatory integration is imperative to harmonize the cargo delivery provisions of the Maritime Code and administrative requirements of the Port Law with smart ports' digitalized operations,thereby standardizing electronic transaction protocols.Regarding ecological risks,incorporating the shipping sector into China's national carbon emissions trading scheme,coupled with establishing a port-specific pollutant emission accounting system,is essential to achieving pollution reduction and carbon mitigation in smart ports.

关 键 词：智能航运 智慧港口 网络安全 信息化业务管理 生态治理 

分 类 号：F552.6[经济管理—产业经济] TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]