围场县人工栽植沙棘簇顶病发生规律与植原体检测  

The Detection of Phytoplasma and Regularity Survey for Bunchy Top Disease of Sea Buckthorn

作　　者：李永[1] 林彩丽 刘春海 岳丽华 史伟伟 池中堂 Li Yong;Lin Caili;Liu Chunhai;Yue Lihua;Shi Weiwei;Chi Zhongtang(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Chengde Yuhangren Alpine Plant Application Technology Co.,Ltd.,Weichang 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100091 [2]承德宇航人高山植物应用技术有限责任公司,承德围场县067000

出　　处：《陆地生态系统与保护学报》2024年第5期25-29,共5页Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基　　金：围场满族蒙古族自治县县级科技计划。

摘　　要：【目的】调查围场满族蒙古族自治县沙棘人工林簇顶病害的发生规律和危害情况,并对沙棘簇顶病样品进行植原体检测。【方法】采用踏查和样地调查方法对沙棘人工林进行簇顶病专项调查,并利用植原体通用引物对采集的沙棘簇顶病害样品进行PCR检测。【结果】沙棘簇顶病可危害一年至多年生沙棘,5月中旬发病,症状表现为顶梢嫩芽和嫩叶稍微扭曲,随后顶稍逐渐卷缩成球状,健康沙棘5—9月期间均可被传染而发病,植株染病后会连年发病,部分病树2~3年后整株死亡。沙棘簇顶病在围场县分布较广、严重危害人工培育的沙棘林,危害面积达500 hm^(2),每年造成的经济损失高达2000余万元;在采集的42份样本中直接PCR、巢氏PCR方法均未检测到植原体病原菌。【结论】在围场县沙棘簇顶病5月中旬发病,在5—9月期间健康沙棘均可被传染发病,植株染病后会连年发病,2~3年内会部分染病树死亡。该病害严重危害围场县人工栽培的沙棘林,危害面积达500 hm^(2),在采集的42份沙棘簇顶病样品中均未检测到植原体病原,推断沙棘簇顶病不是由植原体引起的病害,因此需要继续寻找病因。【Objective】This research is to investigate the occurrence and damage of bunchy top disease for sea buckthorn plantation in Weichang County,and to detect the infection of phytoplasma.【Method】The special investigation of bunchy top disease for sea buckthorn plantation was conducted by using the methods of field survey and sample plot survey.PCR detection was performed on the DNA extracted from sea buckthorns infected with the bunchy top disease using universal primers for phytoplasma.【Result】Sea buckthorns can be infected to show symptoms of bunchy top disease from May to September,affecting both annual and perennial species.Symptoms usually appear in mid-to-late May,with slight distortion of twig buds and young leaves,which then curl up into balls.Some infected trees may die within 2~3 years.The bunchy top disease is widely distributed in Weichang County and causes severe damage to artificially cultivated sea buckthorns,affecting an area of over 500 hm^(2),resulting in an annual economic loss of over 20 million yuan.And phytoplasma was not detected using universal primers for phytoplasma from 42 disease samples,neither PCR nor nested PCR.【Conclusion】In Weichang County,symptoms usually appear in mid-to-late May,and sea buckthorns can be infected and develop diseases from May to September,and plants will show bunchy top disease year after year after infection.Some infected trees may die completely within 2~3 years.The disease seriously damages the cultivated sea buckthorn forest in Weichang County,affecting an area of over 500 hectares.Phytoplasma pathogen was not detected in 42 samples of bunchy top disease of sea buckthorn,it was concluded that bunchy top disease of sea buckthorn was not caused by phytoplasma.Therefore,we need to continue to look for the cause.

关 键 词：沙棘簇顶病 发病规律 植原体 PCR检测 病害调查 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学]