沙戈荒大规模可再生能源基地经构网柔直送出系统中交流继电保护面临的挑战与对策  

Challenges and Countermeasures of the AC Relay Protection in Grid-forming MMC Integrated with Large-scale Renewable Generations in Deserts

作　　者：李岩 周博昊 何佳伟[2] 曹润彬 郑涛[3] LI Yan;ZHOU Bohao;HE Jiawei;CAO Runbin;ZHENG Tao(State Key Laboratory of HVDC,Electric Power Research Institute,China Southern Power Grid,Guangzhou 510080,China;Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education on Smart Power Grids(Tianjin University),Tianjin 300072,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]直流输电技术全国重点实验室(南方电网科学研究院有限公司),广州510080 [2]智能电网教育部重点实验室(天津大学),天津300072 [3]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第2期489-506,共18页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金(U23B20112);国家自然科学基金(52207129)。

摘　　要：加快推进以沙漠、戈壁、荒漠地区的大型风电光伏基地建设成为国家重大战略需求,新能源经构网柔直外送是偏远地区大规模新能源基地远距离外送的优选方案。一方面故障特征显著发生变化,另一方面继电保护的难度大幅提升,从而威胁系统安全恢复。为此,聚焦大规模可再生能源经构网柔直送出场景,首先梳理了大规模可再生能源柔直构网送出系统所面临的风险与挑战,围绕如何精确揭示故障特性、如何精准辨识故障区域与如何保障系统快速安全恢复等3个关键问题展开,归纳总结了现阶段内针对故障特性算不准、故障区域辨不明、故障安全恢复难等3个关键问题的研究现状,最终从模型融合迭代、依赖与不依赖电源特性融合统一、主动支撑型控保协同策略等3方面展开,探讨了可能的解决思路。研究内容可为沙戈荒大规模可再生能源外送系统的控制保护提供参考。It is a major strategic need for our nation to develop the large-scale wind and photovoltaic power in desert or the deep-sea regions.Modular multilevel converter-based high voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC)is considered as the mainstream solution for long-distance power delivery.However,in the grid-forming MMC integrated with renewable generations,on the one hand,the characteristics of faults have significantly changed.On the other hand,the difficulty of relay protection has greatly increased,thereby threatening the secure recovery of the system.We focus on the scenarios of large-scale renewable energy transmission via MMC-HVDC,present the challenges faced by such a system,and describle how to accurately calculate fault characteristics,reliably identify fault zones,and rapidly and safely recove the system.Moreover,we summarize the current research status on three key issues:the inaccurate fault characteristic calculations,unreliable fault area identification,and difficulties in secure fault recovery.Finally,we explore the potential solutions from three aspects:model-based iterative fusion,protection scheme based on or independent of the source characteristics,and the coordination strategy of the control and protection.The research can provide reference for the control and protec-tion of large-scale renewable energy transmission systems in desert region.

关 键 词：构网 继电保护 新能源 模块化多电平变流器 控保协同技术 故障特性计算 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]