基于匹配控制的构网型变换器小扰动稳定性综述  

An Overview of Small-disturbance Stability of Grid-forming Converters Based on Matching Control

作　　者：李奕曈 艾诚 覃瑶 刘腾 喻松涛 刘进军[1] LI Yitong;AI Cheng;QIN Yao;LIU Teng;YU Songtao;LIU Jinjun(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Electric Power Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid,Guangzhou 510663,China)

机构地区：[1]电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室(西安交通大学电气工程学院),西安710049 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州510663

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第2期774-792,共19页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52307222)。

摘　　要：匹配控制(或被称为惯性同步控制、直流电压同步控制等)是一种适用于光伏发电、风力发电、静止无功补偿器和柔性直流输电等直流侧为非理想直流电压源场景的构网型控制方法。现有研究中针对匹配控制更加着重于分析其与同步发电机转子惯性之间的匹配模拟,通常缺少对其同步阻尼及同步小扰动稳定机理的深入分析。因此,首先对匹配控制的国内外研究发展历程进行了简要梳理,然后提出了基于反馈与前馈的同步阻尼分类方式,并分别从直流侧附加电阻、网侧附加控制阻尼和机侧附加控制阻尼3个层面,对当前研究中各种匹配控制方法及其小扰动同步稳定机理进行了对比分析和归纳总结,最后再针对匹配控制所适用的光伏发电、风力发电、静止无功补偿器和柔性直流输电等4种典型应用场景进行了案例分析,有助于提高对匹配控制方法在实践应用中的价值认知和能力特性认知。Matching control(also known as inertia synchronization control,DC voltage synchronization control,etc.)is one of grid-forming control methods that can be applied to photovoltaic power generation,wind power generation,static reactive power compensation and HVDC power transmission where the DC side is not an ideal DC source.The existing researches focus more on the imitation between the matching control and the rotor inertia of synchronous generators,and usually lack the in-depth analysis of the synchronous damping and small-disturbance synchronous stability mechanism.Therefore,this paper firstly reviews the research and development history of matching control,and then proposes the classification of synchronous damping based on feedback and feedforward controls.Meanwhile,from the aspects of DC-side additional resistance,the grid-side additional damping control,and the machine-side additional damping control,this paper compares and summarizes the various matching control methods as well as their small-disturbance synchronous stability mechanism.Finally,four typical application scenarios of matching control,including photovoltaic power genera-tion,wind power generation,static var generation,and HVDC power transmission,are analyzed in this paper,which is also helpful to enhance the value cognition and characteristic ability cognition of matching control method in practical applications.

关 键 词：构网型变换器 匹配控制 惯性同步控制 同步阻尼 小扰动稳定性 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器] TM712