天然气管网动态等效电路模型及其在电-气耦合系统动态仿真中的应用  

Dynamic Equivalent Circuit Model of Natural Gas Pipeline and Its Application in Dynamic Simulation of Electricity-gas Coupled System

作　　者：宋瑞凯 杜松怀[1] 夏越[1] 陈颖[2] 苏娟[1] 方旺 SONG Ruikai;DU Songhuai;XIA Yue;CHEN Ying;SU Juan;FANG Wang(College of Information and Electrical Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院,北京100083 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第2期890-902,I0036,I0037,共15页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52007194)。

摘　　要：随着电力和天然气系统之间的相互依赖性越来越强,有必要对电-气耦合系统进行综合分析。该文提出了一种基于电路类比的天然气管网动态建模方法,在电力系统仿真软件中构建了天然气网络动态仿真模型。首先,利用差分近似将描述天然气管道动态特性的偏微分方程转换为常微分方程,通过将气动量类比为电气量,建立了考虑流体阻力时变且具有恒阻抗参数的天然气管道等效电路模型。然后,依据调节阀的调压与截流特性构建了恒阻抗等效电路模型,并有效地利用该模型模拟了调节阀在管道中的调节特性。最后,以单轴燃气轮机为能量转换元件构建了电-气耦合系统,并深入分析了天然气网络与电力系统之间的动态交互影响。仿真结果表明,该文所提出的等效电路模型具有较高的准确性,具有恒定阻抗参数的模型有效提升了仿真效率。天然气网络中的负荷波动或调节阀误动作会导致燃气轮机输出功率不稳定进而对电网侧产生影响,同时,燃气轮机的输出功率的调整也会对天然气网络中的流量和压力分布产生影响。With the growing interdependence of power and natural gas(NG)systems,it is essential to perform a com-prehensive and integrative analysis of the electricity-gas coupled system.Consequently,a dynamic modeling method for an NG network based on circuit analogy was proposed.The dynamic model of the NG network was constructed in power system simulation software.Firstly,the partial differential equations(PDEs)that described the dynamics of the gas pipe-line were converted to ordinary differential equations(ODEs)based on the difference approximation.Through the analogy of the pneumatic quantity to the electrical quantity,an equivalent circuit model of the NG pipeline was con-structed,in which the time-varying fluid resistance and incorporates constant impedance parameter were taken into account.Based on the regulator valve’s pressure and throttling features,a constant impedance equivalent circuit model was set up and used to simulate its pipeline regulation characteristics.An electricity-gas coupled system was established,employing a single-shaft gas turbine as the energy conversion component.Subsequently,an in-depth analysis was con-ducted regarding the dynamic interaction impacts between the natural gas network and the power system.The simulation results demonstrate that the equivalent circuit model proposed in this paper exhibits high accuracy,and the model with constant impedance parameters can effectively enhance the simulation efficiency.Load fluctuations or valve malfunctions in the NG network can cause gas turbine output power instability and further affect the power grid,while gas turbine power modifications also influence the NG network flow and pressure distributions.

关 键 词：电-气耦合系统 天然气管道 调节阀 等效电路 恒定阻抗参数 

分 类 号：TM7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]