论异形词语的学科属性  

On the Disciplinary Properties of Heteromorphic Words

作　　者：刘中富 巴蕾 Liu Zhongfu;Ba Lei(School of Language and Culture,Qingdao Huanghai University,Qingdao 266427)

机构地区：[1]青岛黄海学院语言文化学院,山东青岛266427

出　　处：《中国文字研究》2024年第2期164-175,共12页The Study of Chinese Characters

基　　金：山东省社科规划项目“汉语异形词语属性研究”(项目编号:19BYSJ49)成果。

摘　　要：异形词语是多学科共同关心的问题,具有跨学科性质。文字学研究异形词语的中心应该放在考察是哪些文字因素促成了异形词语的形成,异形词语在书写系统中的实际表现怎样。词汇学研究异形词语的基本问题是判定书面上形式不同的一组书写词语是不是记写口语上的同一个词语问题,严格区分异形词语和同音词语、完全同义词语。语音学研究异形词语重在审音问题,研究和整理异形词语要坚持异形词语必须同音的原则,既不能因语音的变化而使异形词语得不到沟通,也不能将因语音的变化而丧失异形词语条件的词语误判为异形词语。异形词语的认定也涉及语用或字用问题,需要用语用学的相关理论和知识加以解决。异形词语的认定离不开语法分析,异形词语同样具有语法学属性。Heteromorphic words are a multidisciplinary concern and are interdisciplinary in nature.The study of heteromorphic words in philology should be centered on the examination of what textual factors contribute to the formation of heteromorphic words and how the heteromorphic words actually behave in the writing system.The basic problem of lexicographic study of heteromorphic words is to determine whether a group of written words with different forms in writing is the same word in the spoken language,and to make a strict distinction between heteromorphic words,homophonic and completely synonymous words.Research on heteromorphic words in phonetics focuses on the problem of pronunciation,and the research and organization of heteromorphic words should adhere to the principle that heteromorphic words must be homophonic.Neither should heteromorphic words be left uncommunicated due to changes in phonology,nor should words that have lost the condition of being heteromorphic words due to changes in phonology be misclassified as heteromorphic words.The identification of heteromorphic words also involves the issues of phrase and word usage,which needs to be solved by the relevant theories and knowledge of pragmatics.The identification of heteromorphic words cannot be separated from grammatical analysis,so that heteromorphic words also have grammatical attributes.

关 键 词：异形词语 学科属性 异体字 

分 类 号：H124.3[语言文字—汉语]