法典化视阈下的生态环境责任整合——以法经济学为切入点  

Integration of ecological and environmental responsibility from the perspective of codification:taking law and economics as the starting point

作　　者：王冲 WANG Chong(College of Philosophy,Law and Political Science,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院,上海200030

出　　处：《海南大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第2期150-160,共11页Journal of Hainan University (Humanities & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CFX076)。

摘　　要：当前,我国环境法律法规分散,生态环境责任之设置也因相关立法体系性不足存在错位或重合,环境法典编纂工作为此难题提供了可能的解决途径。以法经济学为切入点,对生产活动负外部性消弭途径的理论发展进行梳理可发现,环境法具有其自身的独立性,单一部门法规制手段的简单叠加并非为生态环境责任设置的最经济方案。从其本身属性分析,生态环境责任兼具公私法属性,须摒弃单一视角,在法典化视阈中对之进行体系化整合。具体整合途径包括:以效率与正义之平衡作为生态环境责任整合的目标与原则;避免包括修复型与金钱型在内的同质性责任之叠加适用;完善多元救济方式之衔接,尊重行政权在维护生态环境公益场域的优先地位,合理安排涉及生态环境公益的各类诉讼之顺位,并适当关照私益诉讼。At present,China's environmental laws and regulations are scattered,and the settings of ecological and environmental liabilities are also misplaced or overlapped due to the lack of relevant legislative system.The codification of environmental codes provides a possible way to solve these problems.With the economics of law as the starting point,the theoretical development of the ways to eliminate the negative externalities of production activities is reviewed.It can be found that the environmental law has its own independence,and the simple superposition of the regulation means of single sector law is not the most economical scheme for the settings of ecological and environmental liabilities.In terms of their own attributes,ecological and environmental liabilities have the attributes of public and private laws.Therefore,a single perspective must be abandoned while a systematic integration must be made from the perspective of codification.The specific approaches to the integration are as follows.The balance between efficiency and justice shall be taken as the goal and principle of integrating ecological and environmental liabilities.The overlapping application of homogeneity liability shall be avoided,including the repair homogeneity liability and the monetary one.The connection of multiple relief methods shall be improved.It is also a must to respect the priority of administrative power in maintaining the public interest of the ecological environment,reasonably arrange the order of various lawsuits involving the public interest of the ecological environment,and properly take care of private interest litigation.

关 键 词：环境法典 生态环境责任 民法典 法经济学 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]