晚清与20世纪20年代理想小说中的乌托邦书写  

Utopian writing in the ideal fiction in the late Qing Dynasty and the 1920s

作　　者：束慧能 陈建华[2] SHU Huineng;CHEN Jianhua(School of Humanities,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Chinese Classics Research Institute,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院,上海200240 [2]复旦大学古籍整理研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《海南大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第2期234-241,共8页Journal of Hainan University (Humanities & Social Sciences)

摘　　要：关于中国近现代文学中的乌托邦书写,以往研究多关注晚清小说和20世纪30年代的京派小说、左翼小说,其间的通俗小说较少受到重视。但事实上,20世纪20年代的通俗小说也开辟出了别具一格的乌托邦视野,并与晚清小说存在可资比较的紧密联系。晚清始创的理想小说次文类和“未来/他方”旅行叙事模式,为20世纪20年代的通俗小说所承继,但旅行主人公已由感时忧国的爱国志士变成都市新式夫妻,“救亡图强”的书写主旨转化为对小家庭及世俗幸福的追求,以都市日常为中心的世俗乌托邦取代国族宏大叙事的政治乌托邦,同一书写模式承载着不同时代和作家群体的家国理想。在对中国近现代乌托邦文学的考察中纳入20世纪20年代通俗小说的一环,有助于还原中国近现代文学中乌托邦书写的丰富性和发展性。Regarding the utopian writing in modern Chinese literature,previous studies mainly focus on the late Qing fiction,as well as the Beijing School fiction and left-wing fiction in the 1930s,with little attention paid to popular fiction during this period.In fact,popular fiction in the 1920s also creates a unique vision of utopia,and has a comparably close connection with late Qing fiction.The subgenre of ideal fiction and the mode of future/other travel narrative pioneered in the late Qing Dynasty are inherited by popular fiction in the 1920s.However,the traveling protagonists change from the patriots who are concerned about China to a new type of urban couple.The writing theme of national salvation is transformed into the pursuit of small family and worldly happiness.The political utopia with a grand national narrative is replaced by a secular utopia centered on the urban daily life.The same writing mode carries the ideals of the different times and writers for family and nation.Including popular fiction in the 1920s in the investigation into the modern Chinese utopia literature will help to restore the richness and development of utopian writing in modern Chinese Literature.

关 键 词：家国想象 理想小说 旅行叙事 乌托邦 

分 类 号：I207.409[文学—中国文学]