744例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折住院患者人口学特征及临床特征分析  

Analysis of demographic and clinical characteristics of 744 inpatients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

作　　者：张波 马文龙 冯卫华 王彦金 禚汉杰 乔一航 梁浩博 赵振杰 ZHANG Bo;MA Wenlong;FENG Weihua;WANG Yanjin;ZHUO Hanjie;QIAO Yihang;LIANG Haobo;ZHAO Zhenjie(Department of Orthopedics,Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province(Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital),Luoyang Henan,471000,P.R.China;College of Orthopedics and Traumatology,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Henan,450000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)骨外科,河南洛阳471000 [2]河南中医药大学骨伤学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2025年第3期354-361,共8页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20240455);洛阳市科技计划医疗卫生项目(1930006A);河南省卫生健康委员会仲景书院第四期研修班“仲景国医传人”项目(豫卫中医函[2024]3号)。

摘　　要：目的分析骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCF)住院患者的人口学特征及临床特征,为临床OVCF防治提供依据。方法回顾分析2017年1月—2021年12月收治且符合选择标准的744例OVCF住院患者临床资料。男146例,女598例;年龄50~95岁,平均69.37岁。分析总体及不同性别间OVCF患者的人口学特征(性别、年龄、民族、职业、地区分布、城乡分布、发病季节分布)及临床特征[致伤原因、椎体骨折史、男性吸烟和饮酒史、合并症(高血压、糖尿病、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、脑梗死)、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、血脂水平、女性绝经年龄、椎体骨密度T值、骨折椎体数量、骨折椎体节段分布];采用多重线性回归分析椎体骨质疏松的独立危险因素。结果人口学特征分析示,OVCF患者女性年龄低于男性(P<0.05);不同性别间OVCF患者的发病年龄段分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性在70~79岁占比最高(37.0%),而女性在60~69岁占比最高(40.0%);自2017年至2021年,OVCF患者发病年龄缓慢上升,男女年龄变化趋势基本一致。不同性别间职业分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性前3位职业分别为农民(48.6%)、退休人员(24.7%)及工人(13.7%),而女性主要为农民(51.5%)、退休人员(19.4%)以及服务人员(10.0%)。女性OVCF患者BMI、椎体骨密度T值、椎体骨折史、高血压占比和血脂水平均高于男性患者(P<0.05)。不同性别间民族分布、季节分布、地区分布、城乡分布、致伤原因、骨折椎体数量、合并症(高血压除外)占比比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。744例OVCF患者共累及椎体1309个,其中胸椎628个(48.0%)、腰椎681个(52.0%);骨折节段主要为L1(22.5%)、T12(21.2%),其次为L2(12.2%)、T11(10.2%);不同性别间骨折发生节段差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多重线性回归分析示,年龄偏大、女性及BMI偏小是椎体骨质疏松的危险�Objective To analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of inpatients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF)and provide a basis for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 744 inpatients diagnosed with OVCF between January 2017 and December 2021 who met the inclusion criteria.Among them,146 were male and 598 were female,with age ranging from 50 to 95 years(mean,69.37 years).The demographic characteristics(gender,age,ethnicity,occupation,regional distribution,urban-rural distribution,and seasonal incidence)and clinical features[causes of injury,history of vertebral fractures,smoking and drinking history in males,comorbidities(hypertension,diabetes,coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,cerebral infarction),body mass index(BMI),blood lipid levels,menopausal age in females,vertebral bone mineral density T-value,number of vertebral fractures,and fracture segment distribution]of OVCF patients were analyzed.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of vertebral osteoporosis.Results The demographic analysis indicated that female patients with OVCF were significantly younger than male patients(P<0.05).Significant differences were observed in the age distribution of OVCF between males and females(P<0.05),with the highest proportion of male patients in the 70-79 years group(37.0%)and the highest proportion of female patients in the 60-69 years group(40.0%).From 2017 to 2021,the age of onset for OVCF gradually increased,with a similar trend observed for both genders.The distribution of occupations between genders also showed significant differences(P<0.05);with the top three occupations for males being farmers(48.6%),retirees(24.7%),and workers(13.7%),while for females,the leading occupations were farmers(51.5%),retirees(19.4%),and service workers(10.0%).Female OVCF patients had higher BMI,vertebral bone mineral density T-value,history of vertebral fractures,hypertension prevalence,and blood lipid le

关 键 词：骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折 人口学特征 临床特征 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]