多间隙避雷器截波特性对雷电侵入波过电压的影响  

Influence of Multi Gap Arrester Chopping Characteristics on Lightning Intrusion Wave Overvoltage

作　　者：潘才维 邓冶强 王羽[1] 吴强[1] 黄伟翔 林秀清 黎大健 张龙飞 PAN Caiwei;DENG Yeqiang;WANG Yu;WU Qiang;HUANG Weixiang;LIN Xiuqing;LI Dajian;ZHANG Longfei(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Guangxi Power Grid Equipment Monitoring and Diagnosis Engineering Technology Research Center,Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530023,China;Measurement Center of Guangxi Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530025,China;Guangxi Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530013,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广西电网设备监测及诊断工程技术研究中心,南宁530023 [3]广西电网有限责任公司计量中心,南宁530025 [4]广西电网有限责任公司,南宁530013

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2025年第1期50-60,共11页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：广西电网有限责任公司科技项目“配电线路雷害风险评估系统研发及防雷技术有效性研究”(编号:GXKJXM20220125);广西科技基地与人才专项“与李立浧院士专家合作开展面向智能台区的过电压防护装置研发”(编号:桂科AD22080006)。

摘　　要：风机附近的防雷问题是风电场防雷的重点,影响到风电资源能否安全有效送出。目前采用在集电塔后一基杆塔三相安装多间隙避雷器可以与氧化锌避雷器配合,减少由于避雷器故障而造成的系统故障,但是多间隙避雷器在动作时产生的截波沿线路传入风机箱变,可能会威胁到变压器绕组的绝缘。基于上述问题,本研究在ATP-EMTP上搭建了多间隙避雷器截波特性对风机箱变绕组的绝缘影响分析仿真模型,考虑了多间隙避雷器的常规安装方式和极限安装方式,分别计算了两种情况下多间隙避雷器在受雷击后产生的截波过电压对风机箱变绝缘产生的影响。通过仿真分析,发现雷电流幅值越高,产生的截波过电压幅值越大,波头越陡,对风机箱变的绝缘威胁越大;绕击雷的危害程度要小于反击雷;当集电塔安装多间隙避雷器时,100 kA雷电流可能会破坏风机箱变绕组绝缘,需要额外的保护措施。建议多间隙避雷器从风电场集电塔的下一基杆塔开始安装。Lightning protection near the fan is the key point of wind farm lightning protection,which affects the safe and effective delivery of wind power resources.At present,the three-phase multi gap arrester installed on a base tower behind the collector can cooperate with the zinc oxide arrester to reduce the system failure caused by the arrester failure.However,the chopped wave generated by the multi gap arrester when it acts is transmitted to the fan box transformer along the line,which may threaten the insulation of the transformer winding.Based on the above problems,the author builds a simulation model on ATP to analyze the impact of wave clipping of multi gap arrester on the insulation of fan transformer windings,by considering the conventional installation mode and the limit installation mode of multi gap arrester,and calculates that the wave clipping over-voltage generated by multi gap arrester after being struck by lightning in two cases is the impact on the insulation of fan transformer.Through the simulation analysis,it is found that the higher the amplitude of the lightning current,the larger the amplitude of the overvoltage generated by the truncated wave,the steeper the wave head,and the greater the threat to the insulation of the fan box.The damage degree of round lightning is less than that of counter lightning;When a multi-gap arrester is installed in a collector tower,the 100 kA lightning current may destroy the insulation of the fan box transformer winding and require additional protective measures.It is recommended that the multi-gap arrester be installed from the next pole tower of the collector tower in the wind farm.

关 键 词：多间隙避雷器 雷电侵入波 截波过电压 绝缘配合 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术] TM614