铝矾土粒径对电瓷性能影响的实验研究  

Experiment Study on the Influence of Bauxite Particle Size on the Properties of Electric Porcelain

作　　者：顾笑笑 李玉平[1,2] 许承铭 吴佳莉 钟礼 付德胜 杨雪峰 GU Xiaoxiao;LI Yuping;XU Chengming;WU Jiali;ZHONG Li;FU Desheng;YANG Xuefeng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Luxi High Voltage Electric Porcelain Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Pingxiang 337000,China;Jiangxi Xinlong Electric Porcelain Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Pingxiang 337000,China;Liling Huaxin Electric Porcelain Technology Co.,Ltd.,Liling 412200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410082 [2]芦溪高压电瓷电气研究院有限公司,江西萍乡337000 [3]江西新龙电瓷电器制造有限公司,江西萍乡337000 [4]醴陵华鑫电瓷科技股份有限公司,湖南醴陵412200

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2025年第1期99-106,共8页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：湖南创新型省份建设专项(编号:2020GK4043)。

摘　　要：采用两种方法制备了同成分的坯料,一是先将铝矾土在高能球磨机中研磨15 h后,再将其与粘土及长石等原料按配方要求配料,球磨6 h(B01坯体),二是将铝矾土、粘土和长石等原料直接配料后,球磨6 h(B02坯体)。B01坯体的粒径比B02坯体的更细且分布更趋均匀。将两种坯体压滤、用真空练泥机挤制了试条,烘干后,在工业隧道窑中于1280℃下烧成。用激光粒度测试仪、XRD、SEM等方法,研究了铝矾土粒径对电瓷坯料性能、试条强度、瓷体物相组成、晶相形貌等方面特征的影响。结果表明:B01坯体泥浆的D50为2.629μm,烧成后试条(上白釉)的强度可达到205.36 MPa,相对于B02坯体,泥浆的D50减小了50%,而上白釉试条的强度提高了22.4%。将铝矾土充分细磨,能显著改善坯料的均匀性,可使瓷体中刚玉相分布及瓷结构更趋均匀,刚玉与莫来石及玻璃相结合更紧密,从而提高电瓷试条的抗折强度。Two methods were used to prepare the billet with the same composition.First,the bauxite was ground in high energy ball mill for 15 h,then it was mixed with clay and feldspar and other raw materials according to the formula requirements,ball milling for 6 h(B01 billet),the second is the bauxite,clay and feldspar and other raw materials directly mixed,ball milling for 6 h(B02 billet).The particle size of B01 body is finer and more evenly distributed than that of B02 body.The two kinds of billets were filtered by press and squeezed by a vacuum mud mill.After drying,the test strips were fired in an industrial tunnel kiln at 1280℃.By means of laser particle size tester,XRD and SEM,the effects of bauxite particle size on the properties of porcelain billet,strength of test strip,phase composition of porcelain body and morphology of crystal phase were studied.The results show that the D50 of B01 body mud is 2.629μm,and the strength of the test strip(white glaze)after firing can reach 205.36 MPa.Compared with B02 body,the D50 of the mud is reduced by 50%,while the strength of the white glaze test strip is increased by 22.4%.Fine grinding of bauxite can significantly improve the uniformity of billet,making the distribution of corundum phase in the porcelain body and porcelain structure more uniform,corundum with mullite and glass more closely,so as to improve the bending strength of the electric porcelain test strip.

关 键 词：电瓷 铝矾土 粒径 显微结构 强度 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]