谈刘大杰的《中国文学发展史》——兼论文学史叙述模式的转换与重构  

On Liu Dajie’s History of the Development of Chinese Literature:A Discussion on the Transformation and Reconstruction of Literary History Narrative Models

作　　者：左东岭 Zuo Dongling

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学中国诗歌研究中心

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2025年第1期76-87,共12页Chinese Culture Research

摘　　要：刘大杰先生的《中国文学发展史》是20世纪中国文学史的标志性代表。这主要体现在其成熟的文学观:融会当时纯文学观、传统文章观与俗文学观于一体的集大成特征。严谨的文学史观:对文学发展过程性凸显的史学品格,以历代主要文体为主导的叙述格局,以及对于主要经典作家作品集中叙述的行文策略。同时,该书也集中体现了那一时代所留下的历史印迹:纯文学观所导致的叙述重心偏离中国古代文学发展的主线,进化论的观念影响了对文学史整体框架的设置与文体演化方式的判断,以及学界整体学术积累不够所导致的叙述单薄与判断偏差。目前学界正采取四种方式加以弥补:增加文学史叙述与研究的诗文分量,加强中国古代文体学及文章学内容的介绍,分体文学史的写作,以及尝试古典学研究范式的运用。将来可以进一步采取中国古典学史、中国文章学史与中国文学史的分段叙述与研究,建立新的模式与框架,推进文学史叙述模式的转换与重构。Liu Dajie’s History of the Development of Chinese Literature is a landmark representative work in 20th⁃century Chinese literary history.This is primarily reflected in its mature literary perspective,which is characterized by the integration of contemporary views on pure literature,traditional views on prose,and perspectives on popular literature,making it a comprehensive synthesis.It is also marked by its rigorous approach to literary historiography:an emphasis on the historical progression of literature,a narrative structure dominated by the main literary forms of each dynasty,and a writing strategy that focuses on detailed discussions of major classic authors and works.At the same time,the book also bears the historical imprints of its era:the focus on pure literature led to a deviation from the main trajectory of the development of ancient Chinese literature,the influence of evolutionary theory shaped the overall framework of the literary history and the assessment of the evolution of literary forms,and the insufficient accumulation of academic research at the time resulted in a somewhat thin narrative and occasionally biased judgments.Currently,the academic community is addressing these shortcomings in four ways:increasing the emphasis on poetry and prose in the narration and study of literary history,enhancing the introduction of ancient Chinese stylistics and prose studies,writing specialized histories of individual literary forms,and experimenting with the application of classical studies research paradigms.In the future,further steps could include segmenting and studying Chinese classical studies history,Chinese prose studies history,and Chinese literary history,with the aim of establishing new models and frameworks to advance the transformation and reconstruction of literary history narrative approaches.

关 键 词：文学观 文学史观 历史印迹 过渡形态 模式转换 

分 类 号：I209[文学—中国文学]