烧蚀坑对导电滑环电接触稳定性的影响  

Influence and mechanism of ablation pits on the electrical contact stability of conductive slip rings

作　　者：李京洋 高冰鉴 王学强 李飞 经贵如 白鹏鹏 田煜[1] LI Jingyang;GAO Bingjian;WANG Xueqiang;LI Fei;JING Guiru;BAI Pengpeng;TIAN Yu(State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,高端装备界面科学与技术全国重点实验室,北京100084 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期280-289,共10页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：导电滑环是航空航天、深海探测、医疗器械等领域高端装备的重要零部件,其电接触稳定性显著影响设备运行的寿命与稳定性。烧蚀坑作为导电滑环电接触稳定性下降的重要结构特征,对于导电滑环电接触稳定性的影响规律与机理尚未揭示清楚。该文主要开展了实验研究,通过微纳材料力学表征与形貌分析,证明烧蚀坑导致导电滑环表面形貌与力学特性发生一定变化,但宏观接触面积未发生显著变化。结合导电原子力显微镜(C-AFM)技术和元素分析发现,烧蚀过程的表面材料变化会导致与磨痕区相比,烧蚀坑内环区黏附力降低和导电性升高,烧蚀坑外缘区黏附力升高而导电性降低了2个数量级。烧蚀坑外缘区导电性显著下降、烧蚀坑区域微纳尺度导电性和界面黏附的波动是烧蚀坑局部电接触稳定性降低的重要原因。研究结果对理解烧蚀坑对导电滑环电接触稳定性的影响机理具有重要理论意义。[Objective]Conductive slip rings,essential components in rotary electrical systems,often experience contact instability due to surface ablation because of electrical arc discharge.This study examines how the position of ablation pits influences contact stability within slip rings,highlighting their detrimental impact on electrical performance.By integrating multiscale characterization,it explores the structure,composition,and properties of ablation pits formed under operational conditions.The findings aim to deepen the understanding of their effects and identify strategies for mitigating their impact.[Methods]To investigate the positional dependence of ablation pits and their impact on electrical contact stability,this study employs a comprehensive multitechnique approach.The surface topography and morphology of the ablation pits are characterized using surface profile measurements.This technique provides high-resolution data on pit depth,width,and overall surface texture.Nanoindentation tests evaluated hardness and elastic modulus variations across different pit regions within the ablation pits,identifying localized changes caused by arc discharge.Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS)analyses examined the chemical and structural alterations within the pits.Raman spectroscopy detected molecular-level alterations,such as the presence of graphitic or disordered carbon,whereas SEM-EDS offered data on elemental compositions.Conductive atomic force microscopy(C-AFM)measured electrical conductivity variations across different pit regions,linking material changes to the slip ring performance.By combining these techniques,the study provides a thorough examination of the effects of ablation on the mechanical,chemical,and electrical properties of the slip ring material.[Results]The results demonstrate a clear positional dependence of the ablation pit characteristics,with significant variations in morphology and material properties across different regions.Surface profil

关 键 词：导电滑环 电接触 烧蚀 稳定性 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]