The vulnerability of tidal flats and multi-channel estuaries to dredging and disposal  

作　　者：Wout M.van Dijk Jana R.Cox Jasper R.F.W.Leuven Jelmer Cleveringa Marcel Taal Matthew R.Hiatt Willem Sonke Kevin Verbeek Bettina Speckmann Maarten G.Kleinhans 

机构地区：[1]Department of Physical Geography,Faculty of Geosciences,Utrecht University,Utrecht,the Netherlands [2]Water&Environment Division,Arcadis,Zwolle,the Netherlands [3]Department of Rivers and Coasts,Royal Haskoning DHV,Nijmegen,the Netherlands [4]Department of Environmental Sciences,Wageningen University,Wageningen,the Netherlands [5]Department of Marine and Coastal Systems,Deltares,Delft,the Netherlands [6]Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences,College of the Coast and Environment,Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge,LA,USA [7]Coastal Studies Institute,Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge,LA,USA [8]Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,TU Eindhoven,Eindhoven,the Netherlands

出　　处：《Anthropocene Coasts》2021年第1期36-60,共25页人新世海岸(英文)

基　　金：supported by the Dutch Technology Foundation TTW under project No.STW-Vici-016.140.316/13710(granted to M.G.Kleinhans);which is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research(NWO);M.R.Hiatt was supported by an ERC Consolidator Grant(agreement 647570)awarded to M.G.Kleinhans;W.Sonke and B.Speckmann were supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research(NWO)under project No.639.023.208(Vici granted to B.Speckmann),K.Verbeek under project No.639.021.541.

摘　　要：Shipping fairways in estuaries are continuously dredged to maintain access for large vessels to major ports.However,several estuaries worldwide show adverse side effects to dredging activities,in particular affecting morphology and ecologically valuable habitats.We used physical scale experiments,field assessments of the Western Scheldt estuary(the Netherlands),and morphodynamic model runs to analyse the effects of dredging and future stresses(climate and sediment management)on a multi-channel system and its ecologically valuable intertidal flats.All methods indicate that dredging and disposal strategies are unfavourable to long-term morphology because dredging creates and propagates the imbalance between shallow and deeper parts of the estuary,causing a loss of valuable connecting channels and fixation of the tidal flats and main channel positions,while countering adverse effects by disposal strategy has limited effectiveness.Changing the disposal strategy towards main channel scour disposal can be economically and ecologically beneficial for the preservation of the multi-channel system.Further channel deepening will accelerate the adverse side effects,whereas future sea-level rise may revive the multi-channel system.

关 键 词：ESTUARY dredging and disposal tidal flats multi-channel system flume experiments MORPHODYNAMICS 

分 类 号：P73[天文地球—海洋科学]