服役环境及其临界值对主轴承润滑性能影响  

Influence of Service Environment and Its Critical Value on Lubrication Performance of Main Bearing

作　　者：吕修颐 赵滨 龙红炼 屈传博 LYU Xiuyi;ZHAO Bin;LONG Honglian;QU Chuanbo(School of Shipping and Naval Architecture,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 15000l,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学航运与船舶工程学院,重庆400074 [2]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期112-118,共7页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科技项目(KJQN202300704);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(2024NSCQ-MSX0990)。

摘　　要：低速二冲程柴油机占据了远洋船舶主机90%以上份额,其最关键和最典型的摩擦副为曲轴/主轴承。以某型低速机主轴承为研究对象,首先,基于流体动压润滑理论和经典Reynolds控制方程,综合考虑了动力学特性、几何结构以及服役环境等因素,建立了适用于低速机主轴承的润滑数值仿真模型;其次,探究了不同半径间隙、轴颈倾斜、相对转速等服役环境因素对主轴承润滑性能的影响,得到倾斜角是影响主轴承润滑性能的显著因素;然后,基于Pearson相关系数理论,量化分析了倾斜角对润滑性能的影响。研究结果表明:倾斜角临界值为0.024 2°,若倾斜角超过该临界值,则会导致最大油膜压力突变,油膜高压区向轴承端面处集中,影响船舶安全运行。Low-speed two-stroke diesel engines occupy more than 90% of the main engines of ocean-going ships,and the crankshaft/main bearing is one of the most critical and typical friction pairs.Taking the main bearing of a certain low-speed machine as the research object,firstly,based on hydrodynamic lubrication theory and classical Reynolds governing equation,the lubrication numerical simulation model suitable for the main bearing of low-speed machine was established by comprehensively considering its dynamic characteristics,geometric structure,service environment and other factors.Secondly,the influence of service environment factors such as different radius clearance,journal inclination and relative speed on main bearing lubrication performance was investigated respectively,and it was concluded that the inclination angle was a significant factor affecting the lubrication performance of main bearing.Then,based on Pearson correlation coefficient theory,the influence of inclination angle on lubrication performance was quantitatively analyzed.The research results indicate that the critical value of inclination angle is 0.024 2°.If the inclination angle exceeds this critical value,the maximum oil film pressure will suddenly change,and the oil film high pressure area will concentrate towards the bearing end face,affecting the safe operation of the ship.

关 键 词：船舶工程 低速机主轴承 动态载荷 服役环境 Pearson相关系数 临界值 

分 类 号：U664.121.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]