植物中谷氨酸代谢及其在响应逆境胁迫中的作用  

Glutamate metabolism and its functions in responses to environmental stress in plants

作　　者：葛硕实 袁柱东 刘运通 崔海 杨晓 杜绍媚 朱梓桐 杨利云 GE Shuoshi;YUAN Zhudong;LIU Yuntong;CUI Hai;YANG Xiao;DU Shaomei;ZHU Zitong;YANG Liyun(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources of Yuxi of Institution of Higher Education of Yunnan Province,Key Laboratory of Development,Utilization and Environmental Protection of Agricultural Biological Resources of Central Region of Yunnan of Institution of Higher Education of Yunnan Province,School of Chemical,Biological and Environmental Sciences,Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100,China;Key Laboratory of Biomass and Environmental Biotechnology of Yunnan Province,Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy,Ministry of Education,School of Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院,云南省高校滇中农业生物资源开发利用与环境保护重点实验室,云南省高校玉溪特色农业资源发掘与利用重点实验室,云南玉溪653100 [2]云南师范大学生命科学学院,生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程中心,云南省生物质能与环境生物技术重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2025年第2期123-133,共11页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-065);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202305AC160090);中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技项目(yxyc2023031)。

摘　　要：植物中广泛存在与哺乳动物细胞中离子型谷氨酸受体(ionotropic glutamate receptors, iGLuRs)同源的谷氨酸受体(glutamate receptors-like receptors, GLRs)。谷氨酸(glutamate, Glu)可广泛调控植物形态建成、生长发育及其对环境胁迫的响应和适应,暗示着Glu在植物中可能作为一个新型信号分子发挥作用。结合最新研究进展,本文综述了Glu在植物体内代谢及其在植物形态建成、生长发育、响应和适应各种环境胁迫中的作用及机制,以期为植物抗逆性研究提供新的思路和方向。Glutamate receptors-like receptors(GLRs)and their encoded proteins,which are homologous to ionotropic glutamate receptors(iGLuRs)in mammalian cells,are ubiquitous in plants.Glutamate(Glu)extensively regulates morphogenesis,growth,development,response and adaptation to environmental stress in plants,suggesting that Glu may function as a novel signaling molecule in these processes.Based on the current advances in the ffeld of Glu,Glu synthesis and metabolism,the effects of Glu on morphogenesis,growth and development,response and adaptation to environmental stress in plants were summarized,and the research direction in Glu signaling in plant resistance was discussed.

关 键 词：谷氨酸代谢 信号分子 耐逆性 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]