化解矛盾风险和防范极端案件的预防型法治建构  

Build the Precautionary Rule of Law to Defuse Contradiction Risks and Prevent Extreme Cases

作　　者：单勇 Shan Yong

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,南京210093

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2025年第1期82-92,共11页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“数据正义视域下犯罪的技术治理均衡发展研究”(20BFX066)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：长期以来,防范极端案件是犯罪治理的重点和难点。极端案件发生与前置性矛盾纠纷的内在关联应被重视,前置性矛盾纠纷的源头防范和实质化解已成为极端案件防治的关键所在。从治理逻辑出发,前置性矛盾纠纷化解是预防型法治体系的重要组成,需遵循“预防型法”而非“回应型法”的法治逻辑、法律框架和法治精神,依托多元化解程序优化治理机制、以技术预防手段强化治理效能。此种预防型法治建设应遵循权利本位的价值观,在行使预防性权力时须匹配相应的责任机制,预防性技术的开展应警惕技治主义倾向。通过预防型法治建设,推进社会治理从传统的末端治理向源头治理、从被动应对向主动预防转变,推动社会治理现代化。For a long time,the prevention of extreme cases has been regarded as the key and challenging aspect of crime governance.As the intrinsic connection between the occurrence of extreme cases and the antecedent conflicts and disputes has been discovered and emphasized,the source prevention and substantive resolution of antecedent conflicts and disputes have become the crucial points in the prevention and control of extreme cases.From the perspective of governance logic,the source prevention and substantive resolution of antecedent conflicts and disputes is a crucial component of a preventive rule of law system.It must adhere to the legal logic of"preventive law"rather than"responsive law".The resolution of antecedent conflicts and disputes follows the preventive legal framework and the rule of law,relying on the optimization of governance mechanisms through diversified resolution procedures and strengthening governance efficacy by technological prevention.From the perspective of rule of law construction,the right standard shall be insist on to build the preventive rule of law.The exercise of preventive power must be matched with corresponding responsibility mechanisms,and the implementation of preventive technologies should be vigilant against the tendency of technocracy.By strengthening preventive legal systems,we can promote the transformation of social governance from traditional end-of-pipe management to source management,and from passive response to proactive prevention,thereby promoting the modernization of social governance.

关 键 词：极端案件 前置性矛盾纠纷 犯罪预防 预防型法治 “枫桥经验” 

分 类 号：D927[政治法律—法学]