蓝莓机械化采收技术与装备研究进展  

Research progress on mechanized blueberry harvesting technology and equipment

作　　者：占才学 宋志禹 韩余 孙翔灵 蒋清海 Zhan Caixue;Song Zhiyu;Han Yu;Sun Xiangling;Jiang Qinghai(Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京市210014

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2025年第3期49-53,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)(BE2020315);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(21)2028)。

摘　　要：目前国内蓝莓采收基本上是以人工采收为主,随着劳动短缺和成本的增加,发展机械化采收代替人工采收是一大趋势。研发蓝莓机械化采收装备用于蓝莓园作业具有重要意义。针对国内外蓝莓种植现状,重点从机械振动式采收技术与装备、气力采收技术与装备和采收机器人3方面进行全面分析,指出目前蓝莓机械化采收存在损失率较高、农机农艺不匹配、采摘分级难度大等问题,并且提出农机与农艺相结合、增强蓝莓采收机械的通用性等方面的建议。At present,blueberry harvesting in China is basically done manually.With increasing labor shortages and rising costs,promoting mechanized harvesting to replace manual labor is a major trend.Therefore,developing mechanized harvesting equipment for blueberry orchards is of great importance.This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of mechanical harvesting technologies and equipment,focusing on mechanical vibration harvesting,pneumatic harvesting,and harvesting robots,based on the current planting situation both domestically and internationally.It identifies several problems with mechanized blueberry harvesting,including high loss rates,mismatches between agricultural machinery and agronomy,and challenges in sorting the harvested fruit.Suggestions are made regarding the integration of agricultural machinery with agronomy,and enhancing the versatility of blueberry harvesting machinery.

关 键 词：蓝莓 机械化采收技术 机械化采收装备 振动式采收 气力式采收 采收机器人 

分 类 号：S220.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]