2013-2023年新疆维吾尔自治区内脏利什曼病疫情特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,2013−2023

作　　者：亚里昆·买买提依明[1] 买买提江·吾买尔[1] 张海亭[1] 史光忠 赵江山[1] 阿迪力·司马义[1] Yalkun·Mamatimin;Mamatjian·Umar;Zhang Haiting;Shi Guangzhong;Zhao Jiangshan;Adil·Ismayil(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病监测》2025年第1期84-91,共8页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫与媒介生物学重点实验室开放课题(No.WSBKFKT2019-07)。

摘　　要：目的了解2013—2023年新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)内脏利什曼病疫情特点,为制定有效的防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息管理系统2004—2023年新疆内脏利什曼病监测数据(不包括新疆生产建设兵团),并剔除疑似、重复报告以及皮肤利什曼病例,其中2004—2012年各县(市)报告病例用于定义流行县(区)、潜在流行县(区)和非流行县(区),2013—2023年报告病例依据我国提出内脏利什曼病流行病学分类,按现住址划分为流行区(人源型、荒漠型和砾漠型)和非流行区报告病例,并且采用Excel 2021和Qgis 3.28软件对报告病例三间分布分别进行描述流行病学分析。结果2013—2023年新疆内脏利什曼病波及12个人源型、11个荒漠型、2个砾漠型流行县(区)和8个非流行县(区),发现1个人源型、3个荒漠型、4个砾漠型潜在流行县(市),累计报告内脏利什曼病846例,年均发病率0.34/10万,0~68岁人群均有病例报告,其中2岁以下散居婴幼儿占新疆累计报告病例数的87.12%,男性年均发病率0.41/10万,女性年均发病率0.33/10万,男女性别比1.28∶1;荒漠型流行区累计报告病例数占新疆累计报告病例数的85.34%,其中,伽师县占新疆累计报告病例数的74.94%。结论新疆内脏利什曼病以2岁以下散居婴幼儿众多,男性高于女性,荒漠型流行区疫情较其他流行区和非流行区严重。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang)from 2013 to 2023,and provide evidence for the development of effective prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods The incidence data of visceral leishmaniasis in Xinjiang from 2004 to 2023(excluding the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps)were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System.Suspect,reported visceral leishmaniasis cases,and the cutaneous leishmaniasis cases were excluded.The cases reported in a county(district)from 2004 to 2012 were used to define disease endemic county(district),potential disease endemic county(district),and non-disease endemic county(district).According to the epidemiological classification of visceral leishmaniasis in China,the reported visceral leishmaniasis cases from 2013 to 2023 were divided into two groups:cases from disease endemic area(anthroponotic,desert,and gravel desert types)and cases from non-disease endemic area based on their current residence.Epidemiological analysis of the distribution of reported cases was conducted using Excel 2021 and Qgis 3.28 software.Results From 2013 to 2023,visceral leishmaniasis affected 12 anthroponotic,11 desert,2 gravel desert endemic counties(districts),and 8 non-endemic counties(districts)in Xinjiang.One anthroponotic,3 desert,and 4 gravel desert potential endemic counties(cities)were identified.A total of 846 cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported in Xinjiang,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.34/100000.The cases were reported in all age groups from 0 to 68 years,with cases in young children and infants under 2 years old accounting for 87.12%of the total.The average annual incidence rate was 0.41/100000 in men and 0.33/100000 in women,the male-to-female ratio of the cases was 1.28:1.The number of cases reported in desert disease endemic area accounted for 85.34%of the regional total,and the cases reported in Jiashi area accounted

关 键 词：内脏利什曼病 疫情分析 白蛉 新疆 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R382.2