乡村评价宜居指数研究——以新疆国家级乡村建设评价试点县为例  

Research on the Livable Index of Rural Evaluation——Taking the Pilot Counties of Xinjiang National Rural Construction Evaluation as an Example

作　　者：于立锋 余国新[2] 徐芹 Yu Lifeng;Yu Guoxin;Xu Qin(Xinjiang Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang;School of Economics and Management of Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang;Agricultural Products Processing Technology Promotion Center of Xinjiang Agricultural and Rural Department,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]新疆住房和城乡建设厅,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆农业大学经济管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆农业农村厅农产品加工技术推广中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《农业展望》2024年第12期33-41,共9页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金项目“新疆新型城镇化进程中互嵌式社区全方位嵌入效果评价分析研究”(编号:22XMZ073)。

摘　　要：建设宜居乡村是农业农村现代化的关键和重要目标之一。本研究结合新疆区情实际和影响乡村宜居评价的主客观因素,系统构建符合新疆发展特点的宜居乡村建设理论体系,建立4个分段指数、38项具体指标的新疆宜居乡村建设评价模型,对分段指数、具体指标权重进行合理化赋值测算和科学检验,并选取3个新疆国家级乡村建设评价试点县进行评价模型应用分析。评价结果对比分析表明,环境舒适指数、经济水平指数是衡量乡村宜居水平的关键指数,空气质量优良天数占比、脏乱差治理程度、区域林草覆盖率是影响乡村宜居性的重要因素。针对3个国家级试点县和新疆推进宜居乡村建设的短板问题,从推进宜居乡村标准化建设、重视乡村居民主体感受度、抓好村庄规划编制和实施、提升生态环境综合治理效能、大力发展乡村产业经济、深化乡村基础设施建设行动、加快提升乡村治理现代化水平等7个方面提出合理化建议。The construction of livable rural areas stands as a pivotal and imperative objective in the modernization of agriculture and rural regions.This study systematically formulated a theoretical framework for constructing livable rural areas that aligns with Xinjiang's developmental characteristics,integrating the specific circumstances of Xinjiang with the principal and objective factors influencing the assessment of livable rural areas,established a novel evaluation model for livable rural areas in Xinjiang,encompassing four segmented indices and 38 specific indicators,rationalizing and scientifically validating the weighting of these segmented indices and specific indicators,three pilot counties for national rural construction evaluation in Xinjiang were selected for the application analysis of the evaluation model.Comparative analysis of the evaluation results revealed that environmental comfort index and economic level index serve as pivotal metrics for gauging the degree of rural livability,the proportion of days with good air quality,the degree of improvement in messy and dirty conditions,and the regional coverage of forests and grasslands are major factors influencing the livability of rural areas.In response to the shortcomings of the three national pilot counties and the construction of livable villages in Xinjiang,seven reasonable suggestions were put forward,including promoting the standardized construction of livable villages,emphasizing the subjective feelings of rural residents,doing a good job in the compilation and implementation of village planning,improving the comprehensive governance efficiency of the ecological environment,vigorously developing rural industrial economy,deepening the construction of rural infrastructure,and accelerating the modernization of rural governance.

关 键 词：乡村治理 宜居乡村 评价指标 农业农村现代化 乡村振兴 新疆 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]