生物技术两用性文献计量分析  

Bibliometric Analysis of Literatures in Dual-Use Research of Biotechnology

作　　者：青格尔 田德桥 Qing Geer;TIAN Deqiao(Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院军事医学研究院,京100071

出　　处：《科学观察》2025年第1期62-80,共19页Science Focus

摘　　要：[目的/意义]生命科学与生物技术的快速发展在造福人类社会的同时,也带来了潜在的生物安全风险和生物技术两用性问题。生物技术两用性相关文献包括政策研究类及实验研究类,对政策研究类文献的计量分析有助于对相关研究的全面了解。同时,对政策研究类文献中参考文献的分析,可确定被引次数较高的实验研究类文献;结合关键词分析,可明确生物技术两用性研究的关注热点。[方法/过程]基于Web of Science数据库检索生物技术两用性政策研究类文献,采用人工统计与Cite Space软件分析相结合方式,进行年度、国家、机构、期刊、关键词、参考文献等的计量分析与可视化呈现。[结果/结论]美国等国家生物技术两用性政策研究类文献数量较多,体现出其对该领域的重视;我国相关文献数量不多,与国外合作也较少,但国内机构间呈现一定合作关系。关键词突现分析显现出关注热点的变化,从早期的生物武器到后来的合成生物学、人工智能等。被引文献分析中,流感病毒功能获得性研究、致死性鼠痘病毒、1918流感病毒及脊髓灰质炎病毒合成等文献的被引频次较高,是生物技术两用性最具代表性的争议论文。生物技术两用性问题日益凸显,我国应进一步完善相关政策,要进一步加强相关治理工作,相关政策研究人员应重视定量化研究探索。[Objective/Significance]The rapid development of life sciences and biotechnology benefit human society,but can generate potential biosecurity risks and dual-use dilemma of biotechnology.The literature related to dual-use of biotechnology includes policy research and experimental research.Analyzing the distribution of policy research literature can help to gain a comprehensive understanding of related research.At the same time,analyzing the references in policy research literature,can quantitatively analyze experimental research literature,combining keyword analysis,can get the hot topics of concern in dual-use research of biotechnology.[Method/Process]Based on Web of Science database,search for policy research literature on the dual-use of biotechnology,and combine manual with Cite Space software to conduct statistical analysis and visualization of year,country,institution,journal,keyword and reference.[Results/Conclusions]The United States have a large number of policy research literatures on the dual-use of biotechnology,while China has a relatively small number of literature and limited cooperation with foreign countries.However,there is a certain degree of cooperation between domestic institutions in China.The keyword burst analysis shows a certain trend,including biological weapons at the earliest,and synthetic biology,artificial intelligence later,reflecting changes in key areas of focus.In the analysis of cited literature,Gain-of-Function research of influenza virus,lethal mousepox virus,the synthesis of 1918 influenza virus and poliovirus have high citation frequency,which are the most representative controversial literature on dual-use of biotechnology.The dual-use issue of biotechnology is becoming increasingly prominent,China's relevant policies need to be further improved,governance needs to be further strengthened,and related policy researchers need to pay attention to quantitative research and exploration.

关 键 词：生物技术 两用性 文献计量 热点 生物安全 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程] G353.1[文化科学—情报学]