潮河流域水体溶解性有机质的时空分布特征及来源解析  

Analysis the Source and Spatiotemporal Variation of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Chaohe River Watershed

作　　者：马卓妮 郭纯子 张浩 宋爽 弓耀奇 寿晨阳 岳甫均 MA Zhuo-ni;GUO Chun-zi;ZHANG Hao;SONG Shuang;GONG Yao-qi;SHOU Chen-yang;YUE Fu-jun(School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Administration of Ecology and Environment of Haihe River Basin and Beihai Sea Area,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Tianjin 300170,China;Center of Eco-environmental Monitoring and Scientific Research,Administration of Ecology and Environment of Haihe River Basin and Beihai Sea Area,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Tianjin 300170,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development around Bohai Sea,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院,天津300072 [2]生态环境部海河流域北海海域生态环境监督管理局,天津300170 [3]生态环境部海河流域北海海域生态环境监督管理局,生态环境监测与科学研究中心,天津300170 [4]天津市环渤海地球关键带科学与可持续发展重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《环境科学》2025年第3期1395-1405,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：生态环境部区域水生态环境保护责任落实与项目管理项目(102144210490010009004);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF0806001);保定市科技支撑计划项目(2211F001)。

摘　　要：溶解性有机质(DOM)在水环境中广泛存在并参与各种生物地球化学循环的过程.城镇化和人类活动显著改变了河流DOM的来源和特性,解析DOM在流域尺度上的时空变化并进行溯源对水质管理具有重要意义.基于2023年野外采样数据,通过三维荧光及平行因子法(EEM-PARAFAC),解析了我国北方饮用水源地潮河流域河流水体DOM的组成特征,明确了各组分在不同水文期的时空变化特征,并通过分析各光学参数之间的关系进一步识别了DOM的来源.结果表明,潮河流域河水中DOM有4种组分,C1为类富里酸化合物,是最主要的荧光组分,C2和C4均为类腐殖质化合物,分别在丰水期和平水期强度最高,C3为类色氨酸,在枯水期强度最大.荧光参数的时空变化进一步表明,3个水文期河流DOM的来源明显不同,枯水期粪污特征明显,丰水期土壤特征明显,而平水期兼具二者特征.空间样点分析发现,源头区DOM更多受自然植被覆盖条件下陆源碎屑输入的影响,中游城镇化带来的人为污染影响增加,而下游两岸水生植被大面积覆盖导致浮游藻类增殖带来的影响显著.相关性分析发现,在不同水文期水环境参数、水体氮磷浓度和光学参数均与DOM表现出不同程度的相关关系,说明流域水环境演化和内外源营养物质的来源控制着其DOM的时空分布.Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is widespread in aquatic environments and plays a crucial role in various biogeochemistry processes.Urbanization and anthropogenic activities have significantly altered the source and characteristics of DOM in rivers.Therefore,analyzing the spatial and temporal variation of DOM on a watershed scale to trace its source for effective water quality management is important.In this study,the composition characteristics of DOM in the Chaohe River watershed,which is the source of drinking water in northern China,were analyzed using the EEM-PARAFAC method.Furthermore,the source of DOM was further identified by analyzing the relationships among optical parameters.The results revealed the four components in DOM:component 1 resembled fulvic acid,while component 2 and component 4 exhibited characteristics similar to those of humic compounds.Component 3 displayed tryptophan-like acidity,with the highest intensity observed during both high and low flow periods.Temporal and spatial variation in fluorescence parameters further indicated a distinct source of DOM across the three water periods.Notably,non-point source pollution was prominent during the low water period,whereas soilrelated characteristics dominated during the flood season.Spatial analysis revealed that under natural vegetation cover,terrestrial detritus significantly influenced DOM originating from the source area.However,urbanization-induced anthropogenic pollution had become more pronounced in the middle reaches.Additionally,the downstream area with extensive aquatic vegetation coverage experienced notable impacts from phytoplankton proliferation.Correlation analysis demonstrated varying degrees of association between water environmental parameters,nitrogen and phosphorus content,optical parameters,and DOM across three hydrological periods.These findings revealed that water environment dynamics and nutrient sources govern the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of DOM.

关 键 词：潮河流域 溶解性有机质(DOM) 三维荧光光谱 平行因子分析 光学参数 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]